S.D.Shelare, P.S.Thakare, Dr. C.C. Handa

The paper is discussed about crank and slotted mechanism that converts rotary motion into reciprocating motion at different rate for its two strokes i.e working stroke and return stroke. Time ratio has been calculated for constant length of stroke with specified dimensions. A CAD model has been prepared to simulate the mechanism and to specify the accurate path of the mechanism. Also the analytical method which can be used to define the various position of crank and respective position of slider in quick return mechanism is discussed.

Er. Manoj Ade, Dr. V.S.Deshpand

The economic reforms- Liberalization, Privatization, Globalization, (LPG) started in 1991 in India. The main objective of the government was to achieve high economic growth and industrialize the nation for the well-being of Indian citizens. Thus Indian market became Global and open market. Coal industry was not an exception to this phenomena of globalization. The improvement in productivity has become need of coal industry to take the competitive advantage of global market. The challenge to the coal Industry is to identify the wastes and meet the market price by maintaining a good profit. The only solution is to reduce total production cost. Lean manufacturing is a systematic approach to identify and eliminate the waste through continuous improvements and synchronizing the production process to obtain manufacturing excellence. This can be achieved by Lean thinking (to identify and eliminate wastes) and Lean production (to improve efficiency and effectiveness of equipment). Earlier the lean manufacturing concept was limited to manufacturing organization now it is used invariably in operation industries. In this paper researcher has applied lean manufacturing concept in order to increase productivity and to minimize the production cost of mining.

Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed

Electro-absorption (EA) modulators are very attractive devices for optical fiber communications because of their very low driving voltage, very high modulation efficiency and integratibility with lasers. However, conventional EA modulators are lumped electrode devices, whose speeds are limited by the total parasitics of the devices, which restricts the devices to very short length for high speed operation. This paper has presented the important transmission characteristics of EA modulators such as transmission performance efficiency, modulation photocurrent, insertion loss, extinction ratio, relative refractive index difference, and signal transmission quality, over wide range of the affecting parameters for different selected electro-absorption materials to be the major of interest.

Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed

The technology involves a new type of compact device based on magneto-optics in a fiber micro modulator. This type of modulator allows the user to inter manipulate and control the propagation of the incoming light. The operation mechanism uses external magnetic field to manipulate Fe micro particle in order to cause modulation of an optical signal that propagates along an optical waveguide. This paper has presented yttrium iron garnet (YIG) and lithium niobate (LiNbO3) which are examined for use as a wideband magneto-optic modulator. A wideband YIG modulator has recently been developed which represents a great improvement over other magneto -optic modulators.

Koneru. Anuradha, Manoj Kumar Tyagi

Face recognition has received a great deal of attention from the scientific and industrial communities over the past several decades owing to its wide range of applications in information security and access control, law enforcement, surveillance and more generally image understanding. In this paper we combine KLDA(combination of LBP and GABOR features) with gradient face features(which are more resistive to the noise effects) for more effective recognition process. Specifically, we make three main contributions: (i) we present a simple and efficient preprocessing chain that eliminates most of the effects of changing illumination while still preserving the essential appearance details that are needed for recognition; (ii) we introduce Local Ternary Patterns (LTP), a generalization of the Local Binary Pattern (LBP) local texture descriptor that is more discriminant and less sensitive to noise in uniform regions, and we show that replacing comparisons based on local spatial histograms with a distance transform based similarity metric further improves the performance of LBP/LTP based face recognition; and (iii) we further improve robustness by adding Kernel PCA feature extraction and incorporating rich local appearance cues from two complementary sources - Gabor wavelets and LBP - showing that the combination is considerably more accurate than either feature set alone.

Ashutosh Dhamija, Robin Walia, Vidhu Rawal

In this paper we have compared Linux and windows. We have briefly explained Linux and its commands. We also analysed Linux systems's advantages & disadvantages with respect to cost, security, choice, software, hardware, understanding, compatibility and use of alternative programs. In the end we compared various operating systems in terms of connectivity, scalability, stability and other important parameters.

Prof. Sun Keming, PhD Student: Moj Raj Bagale

Analyze the static simulation of the dam by using the strength reduction principle, get the stress, strain and displacement distribution rule and the corresponding safety factor in the water level change and rainfall infiltration are two working conditions of the reservoir's retaining dam body respectively, get the displacement of the slip plane when the unstable failure happens on the dam, the influence of the reservoir's water level on the dam's safety factor, and the influence of the rainfall infiltration on the dam's stability; Based on fluid-solid interaction mechanics theory, a coupled mathematical model for describing the slope stability of dam under the condition of rainfall was developed. The model is used to evaluate the safety of the slope. The model simulates the effect of the slope gradient ratio and the slope angle on the slope stability under the different conditions of rainfall in the return periods. Results show that slope safety factor in the different rainfall Conditions decreases with the increase in rainfall of time. Credible provided for designing and appraising stability of the dam, based on the assessment of the effect of slope gradient ratio on the slope stability in the different rainfall conditions of the return periods.

A. Mallaiah, S. K. Shabbir, T. Subhashini

Traditional image coding technology mainly uses the statistical redundancy between pixels to reach the goal of compressing. The research on wavelet transform image coding technology has made a rapid progress. Because of its high speed, low memory requirements and complete reversibility, digital wavelet transform (IWT) has been adopted by new image coding standard, JPEG 2000. The embedded zero tree wavelet (EZW) algorithms have obtained not bad effect in low bit-rate image compression. Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT) is an improved version of EZW and has become the general standard of EZW So, In this paper we are proposing DWT and SPIHT Algorithm with Huffman encoder for further compression and Retinex Algorithm to get enhanced quality improved image.

Oyewo O. O., Onyije F. M., Ashamu E. A., Akintude O. W., Akinola A.E.

This research was carried to evaluate the possible effects of ginger on the male reproductive system. Infertility is one of the major health problems in animals, approximately 30 % of infertilities are due to a male factor. Twenty animals were divided into four groups of five animals each and maintained under standard laboratory conditions of 27 + 2oC, relative humidity 50 + 15% and normal photo period (12h dark/12h light). The extract was given orally once per day for 21 days with diluted ethanolic extract of ginger. There were increases in normal sperm and level of normal sperm, though not statistically significant. In motility there were no significant differences as well when compared with the control. Treatment of the testes with 0.2ml/kg, showed tick cell membrane and the cells are fibrous in nature, while those treated with 0.4ml/kg and 0.8ml/kg showed fusion of cells, congestion and distortion of cell membrane of the seminiferous tubules. Ginger aids in the production of healthy sperm but should be take with care as it can also damage the cell membrane of the testes.

Prasant Singh Yadav, Vaibhav Kumar, Sunil Kumar

As twenty first century belongs to computer, gizmos and electronics items energy issues will get a serious rings in the coming days as the public debate on carbon emissions, global warming and climate change get hotter taking into consideration in popular use of information technology industry, it has to lead a revolution of sort by turning green in a manner no industry has done ever before.

Harish Nautiyal, S. P. Bhandari, Ramesh C. Sharma

Present investigations were carried out on the limnological aspects of Dodital Lake in district Uttarkashi (Garhwal Himalaya). Many of the parameters were found below the permissible limits for drinking water as suggested by WHO. A total of 11 parameters were analyzed and their seasonal variations in the year 2004-2005 were discussed.

Md. Firdos. Ahmad

Now we have realized that our economic activities and zest for quick development are threatening the very survival of mankind over the earth. Our survival depends on the realization that we have to live in harmony with the various elements of environment which are interconnected. This realization of relationship between man and environment resulted into the dictum that poverty leads to environmental degradation. Further their ignorance towards limitations of resources use and consequences make them free to over exploit the natural resources and adversely affect the natural system of environment and put a question mark over the notion of sustainable development. The widely propagated nation about the positive relationship between poverty and environmental degradation may not be operative in India. The study clearly shows that poverty has to do nothing with environmental degradation

Latika Sharma, Nitu Mehta

Agriculture data is highly diversified in terms of nature, interdependencies and resources. For balanced and sustainable development of agriculture these resources need to be evaluated, monitored and analyzed so that proper policy implication could be drawn. Recently knowledge management in agriculture facilitating extraction, storage, retrieval, transformation, dissemination and utilization of knowledge in agriculture is underway. Data mining techniques till now used extensively in business and corporate sectors may be used in agriculture for data characterization, discrimination and predictive and forecasting purposes. Some use of data mining in soil characteristic evaluation has already been attempted. This paper attempts to bring out the characteristic computational needs of agriculture data which is essentially seasonal and uncertain along with some suggestion regarding the use of data mining techniques as a tool for knowledge management in agriculture.

Umoh, U. A., Umoh, A. A., James, G. G., Oton, U. U., Udoudo, J. J., B.Eng.

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) share common symptoms and can be classified as confusable disease, as such become difficult for physicians to correctly diagnose them. This work develops a pattern recognition system for the diagnosis of gonorrhea disease using genetic algorithm. Data on gonorrhea symptoms are collected and used in the development of the knowledge base. We classify the membership grade of the symptoms based on the mean of maxima and the derived membership function. The system accepts symptoms as input and provides the degree of membership of each symptom in any gonorrhea symptoms sets. We develop our system using PHP programming tool as back end and Java as front end platform. We explore Ms Access for the design of our database. The model helps the physicians to identify gonorrhea disease by its symptoms and provides solid basis for possibly determination of the ailment exactly if there are all symptoms.

Charles Onyeani. Samuel Osunlaja

Production of anthracnose-free mango fruits in Southwestern Nigeria rely heavily on the use of synthetic pesticides. But the hazardous effects of these pesticides on both human and the environment especially among illiterate farmers in the region offsets their benefits. This study, investigated the effect of aqueous and alcohol extract of Anonna squamosa, Azadirachta indica and Vernonia amygdalina in the control of fruit anthracnose disease of mango. The result of the investigation revealed that there was a significant reduction in the development and severity of anthracnose lesions on mango fruits treated after harvest with aqueous and alcohol extracts of the three indigenous plants. One-way ANOVA with Duncan Multiple Range Test conducted revealed that, the least disease index of 0.27 was recorded in both 10% (aqueous extract) and 30% (alcoholic extract) concentrations of Annona squamosa treatments and this was superior to 0.33 disease index recorded in benomyl treated fruits. Based on the result of this investigation, the three tested indigenous plants have the potential of good candidates for the replacement of synthetic pesticides in the control of fruit anthracnose disease of mango.

U. Viplava Prasad, M. Syam Bab, B. Kalyana Ramu

Two simple and sensitive visible spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of almotriptan malate in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations based on the formation of colored molecular complex with sodium nitroprusside in presence of hydroxyl amine under alkaline conditions (M1) or SNP-acetaldehyde reagent (M2) and exhibiting λ max at 720 nm or 550nm respectively. The Regression analysis of Beer's Law plot showed good correlation in a general concentration range of 8-40g/ml or 4.0-20g/ml with correlation coefficient (r= 0.998) for methods M1 and M2 respectively. The proposed methods are validated with respect to accuracy, precision, linearity and limit of detection. The suggested procedures are successfully applied to the determination of the drug in pharmaceutical preparation, with high percentage of recovery, good accuracy and precision. The results of analysis have been validated statistically by repeatability and recovery studies. The results are found satisfactory and reproducible. These methods are applied successfully for the estimation of almotriptan in tablet form without the interference of excipients.

J. Dharmaraja, S. Vadivel, E. Ganeshkarthick

A systematic study has been carried out to explore the Physico-chemical characteristics of groundwater in six south India areas. Water sample from open wells in south india area district were collected and analyzed for PH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, total hardness, total alkalinity. Comparative studies of samples in six different district were conducted, it shows Ernakulum water have low hardness comparatively than Tamilnadu districts water. It was also analyzed that electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, PH, alkalinity. From this, we concluded the Ernakulum water is best than the other districts of Tamilnadu.

Md. Imtiaz Alamgir, Asad Ullah Hil Gulib, Kazi Main Uddin Ahmed, Esmat Farzana

In this paper we analyze the performance and characteristics of DG MOSFET with high-k material on both top and bottom gate stack and compare those with conventional pure SiO2 DG MOSFETs. We investigate the performance of the device in terms of drain current, threshold voltage and subthreshold slope using 2D quantum simulator nanoMOS 4.0. The noticeable impact of temperature is also observed both on the threshold voltage and subthreshold characteristics. This structure shows improved performance, achieved by scaling the gate length and illustrates its superiority over conventional DG MOSFETs and DG MOSFETs with only top gate stack in achieving long term ITRS goals.

Eisa Amiri, Lecturer, Lamerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran.

Internet, ICT, VLE, digital media and software as such have heralded a new era in many aspects of our lives, to which education is no exception. As used in communication, internet communication tools began to de used in education especially in teaching English language and literature learning as the case study in this paper. As a result of the application of cyber technologies, both teaching and learning are facilitated. Students learn faster and easier than before because of the use of technology in schools. Learning English through the web and using new trends in education in schools make students willing to learn the literature too. The aim of this study is to review technology in English language and literature learning activities and internet communication tools in use. Moreover, technologies as internet have always been interesting to the students, thus based on this assumption it would be discussed how teachers can make English learning in the educational environments more enjoyable through enjoyment available in the study of literature too.

Md. Maruf Ahamed, Kishore Bhowmik, Abdulla Al Suman

These In this Paper presents the result for different resonant frequencies and the result is performed by thickness of 2.88mm and Duroid substrate with dielectric constant of 2.32, L- band frequency 2GHz are gives the best result. In the recent years the development in communication systems requires the development of low cost, minimal weight, low profile antennas that are capable of maintaining high performance over a wide spectrum of frequency. This technological trend has focused much effort into the design of a Microstrip patch antenna. The proposed antenna design on different resonant frequencies and analyze the result of all operating frequency between 1GHz to 10GHz, when the proposed antenna designs 2GHz operating frequency. At 2GHz the verified and tested result on MATLAB are Radiation Efficiency=91.99%, Directivity=5.4dBi, Directive gain=4.98dBi and Half Power Beam Width-H plane=99.6123 degrees.

Sanjay Singh, S.K. Singh, Mahesh Kumar Singh, Raj Kumar Sagar

As the density and operating speed of CMOS VLSI chips increases, leakage power dissipation becomes more and more significant. This paper presents a leakage power behavior in Pulse triggered flip-flop. All the designs are simulated with and without the application of leakage reduction techniques and the readings are presented. By analyzing the leakage path of flip flops we propose a method to reduce the leakage power of flip flops in this paper. The circuit are simulated using TANNER Tool SPICE simulator. The result at a frequency of 400MHz shows that proposed Flip-flop consume less power.

Pankaj Bhowmik, Kishore Bhowmik, Mohammad Nurul Azam, Mohammed Wahiduzzaman Rony

Fingerprint recognition is one of the most popular and successful methods used for person identification, which takes advantage of the fact that the fingerprint has some unique characteristics called minutiae; which are points where a curve track finishes, intersect with other track or branches off. A critical step in studying the statistics of fingerprint minutiae is to reliably extract minutiae from the fingerprint images. However, fingerprint images are rarely of perfect quality. They may be degraded and corrupted due to variations in skin and impression conditions. Thus, image enhancement techniques are employed prior to minutiae extraction to obtain a more reliable estimation of minutiae locations. The goal of this paper is to represent a complete process of fingerprint feature extraction for minutiae matching.

Permendra Kr. Verma, S. K. Singh, Amit Kumar, Sanjay Singh

This paper presents a new design of static and Domino logic using CMOS. Domino logic is a CMOS based evolution of the dynamic logic techniques based on either PMOS or NMOS transistors. It allows a rail-to-rail logic swing. It was developed to speed up circuits in Dynamic Logic. They have smaller areas than conventional CMOS logic (as does all Dynamic Logic) and parasitic capacitances are smaller so that higher operating speeds are possible. There are many solutions to the problem of how to cascade dynamic logic gates. One way is Domino Logic, which inserts an ordinary static inverter between stages. While this might seem to defeat the point of dynamic logic, since the inverter has a PFET (one of the main goals of Dynamic Logic is to avoid PFETs where possible, due to speed), there are two reasons it works well.

Shalini Singh, Dr. Bhaskar Karn

The Right to Information has ushered a new era of transparency and accountability. The implementation of the Act is gathering impetus with each passing day. Government, civil societies and the media have gained momentum and are doing their best for the realization of this act. Right to Information is not only a human right, but an important right to promote good governance and fight corruption. An important aspect of the act is the proper management of records for proper delivery of information. The present article tries to elaborate the concept of management of records and information and its efficacy for the better implementation of the Right to information Act in the India.