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Asian Transactions on Basic & Applied Sciences

Volume: 02, Issue: 05, November 2012
ISSN 2221-4291

Title: Influence of Chemical Reaction and Heat Generation/Absorption on MHD Free Convective Heat and Mass Transfer Flow along an Inclined Stretching Sheet Considering Dufour and Soret Effects
Author(s): Md. Shariful Alam and Md. Shirazul Hoque Mollah
Paper ID: ATBAS-60223017
Pages: 1 - 10
Abstract: In this paper, the influence of chemical reaction and heat generation or absorption on MHD free convection and mass transfer flow of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid over an inclined stretching sheet is investigated numerically, by taking into account the Dufour and Soret effects. The non-linear boundary layer equations with the boundary conditions are transferred by a similarity transformation into a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations. These non-linear and self-semilar ordinary differential equations are solved numerically by using a sixth-order Runge-Kutta integration scheme with the shooting method. Comparison with previous published work was performed and excellent agreement is obtained. The effects of various parameters on the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles as well as the local skin-friction coefficient, heat and mass transfer rate from the stretching sheet to the surrounding fluid are presented graphically and in tabulated form for a hydrogen-air mixture. The numerical results showed that chemical reaction parameter K and the order of reaction n play a crucial role in the solutions.

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Title: The effect of water and mineral content on Ultrasonic parameters in bovine bone scapula, rib and femur
Author(s): Siddiq Mohiuddin
Paper ID: ATBAS-40200050
Pages: 11 - 20
Abstract: In the present investigation, the influence of water and mineral contents on the ultrasonic parameters of bovine bone scapula, rib and femur has been studied. It is found that the water is comparatively high in scapula (12%) and low in femur (10%) when compared to the rib (11%). From the data on density, it is obvious that the deposition of calcium phosphate in the matrix of collagen is more or less homogenous for femur, whereas in the case of scapula and rib, the deposition is inhomogeneous. Among the bones studied, the calcium deposition is comparatively high in femur than rib and scapula, while the magnesium content is low. Study shows the compressional wave velocity in bovine scapula, rib and femur is more or less the same in scapula and rib, but comparatively less in femur. While the values of shear wave velocity in rib and femur are in the close range, but more than scapula. The coefficient of absorption of compressional wave in bovine scapula, rib and femur values lie in a close range with respect to scapula and rib are more when compared to femur. It is found that phosphorous is less than 1%; Si, Fe, Cu, Al, are less than 0.1%, while Ba, Sr, Pb, Zn are very much less than the traces i.e., less than 0.001%. The element magnesium is present in bones studied in the range of 1 to 3%, more in scapula (3%) less in femur (1%) when compared to rib (2%).

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Title: Development of Bacterial Cellulose/Activated Carbon Composites Prepared by In Situ and Cast-drying Methods
Author(s): Indriyati, R. Yudianti, and L. Indrarti
Paper ID: ATBAS-30218053
Pages: 21 - 24
Abstract: In order to investigate the potential use for bacterial cellulose (BC) as a novel backing layer for fuel cell, BC/Charcoal Activated (BC/CA) composites were prepared by in-situ and casting methods. The BC/CA composites were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis, electrical conductivity measurement, and visual observation. Our results showed that the penetration of CA into BC network through in-situ method has occurred at concentration below 4 w/v %. It was proved by the changing of the color of culture medium from black (the solution of CA in coconut water) to clear after 2 weeks inoculation. In addition, this carbon still remained in the composites during neutralization. SEM analysis of the composites showed that BC matrix acted as a binder which supports mechanical properties of the composites. Addition of CA enhanced thermal degradation and electrical conductivity of the resultant composites. Electrical conductivity reaches 10-2 S/cm for the composites made by casting method containing 10% CA. Meanwhile, backing layer commercial has electrical conductivity of 5x10-2 S/cm obtained by the same measurement.

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Title: Influence of Economic, Structural and Cultural Factors on Poverty Circle in Makassar City, Indonesia: Studies on Pickers
Author(s): Daniel, Umar Burhan, Susilo and Khusnul Ashar
Paper ID: ATBAS-10226051
Pages: 25 -39
Abstract: Circle of poverty has shackled poor picking community in Makassar and is the root of their helplessness in improving their standard of living. This helpless condition has raised concern among many to address, such as non-governmental organizations, students, and scientists in a variety of disciplines. Addressing the problem is so important since poverty causing suffering, ignorance, poor health, hunger, and criminal conducts.
Our study examined economic, structural, and cultural factors causing picking community in Makassar trapped in a circle of poverty and the meaning of poverty and the circle of poverty that they are facing. Our study utilized qualitative type of grounded theory by taking seven informants from pickers who have been working for at least 10 years as the key informant group and three informants from community leader in Makassar who have knowledge about the pickers as the supporter informant group.
Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The results showed that the picking community in Makassar is being trapped in a circle of poverty because of the influence of economic, structural and cultural factors.

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Title: Teaching English and Stress: Teacher Trainees vs. Experienced Teachers
Author(s): Mohd Nazri Latiff Azmi
Paper ID: ATBAS-70204052
Pages: 30 - 39
Abstract: The study was conducted during a teaching practicum undergone by a group of Diploma of TESL students of Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu. The purposes of doing this study were to investigate the element of stress faced by both the English language teacher trainees (Diploma TESL students) and also the experienced English teachers (trainee's school advisors) and also to know the relevant factors of the problem. There were 51 English teacher trainees and 38 experienced English teachers participated in answering an established and adapted set of questionnaires and a few of them also involved in a semi-structured-interview. The findings show that the experienced teachers have suffered from a stressful life being English teachers due to several reasons and at the same time the teacher trainees have a tendency of having the same problem.

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Title: BIO-CHEMICAL TRENDS IN ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADATION OF RAW AND TREATED HYDROCARBON POLLUTED WATER USING ASPERGILLUS niger AND PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa.
Author(s): Efeovbokhan, Vincent Enontiemonria, Hymore Fedrick Kofi, Taiwo, Olugbenga Oyakhire, Cybil
Paper ID: ATBAS-10228053
Pages: 40 - 49
Abstract: The anaerobic bioremediation of raw and treated hydrocarbon polluted water samples using Aspergillus niger and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been investigated. The rate of bioremediation of the two polluted water samples was nearly the same as it took 65 days for effective bioremediation to occur with both microbes. The overall bioremediation effects, however, of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (bacteria) on the Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and the Total Hydrocarbon Content (THC) were higher than that of Aspergillus niger (fungi). Furthermore, the treated crude polluted water (TCPW) sample was easier to biodegrade than the raw crude polluted water (RCPW) samples. The bioremediation of the TCPW samples gave 99.5% for BOD and 98.9% for THC using bacteria while for fungi; it gave 96.1% BOD and 95.4% for THC. For the RCPW samples bioremediation with bacteria gave 96.6% for BOD and 96.0% for THC while bioremediation using fungi gave87.1% for BOD and 86.5% for THC.

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Title: Role of Organic Matter in Mitigation of Pesticides on Cabbage [Brassica oleracea (L.)] Cropping
Author(s): Saartje Sompotan, Zainal Kusuma, Budi Prasetyo, and Jeany Polii-Mandang
Paper ID: ATBAS-50223051
Pages: 50 - 53
Abstract: The use of pesticides to increase agricultural productivity is very worrying. Excessive application of pesticide will leave residues in the soil giving a negative impact on the environment. So that mitigation measures to restore soil conditions are very important. Study on pesticide mitigation using chicken manure organic matter on cabbage crop has been conducted with a randomized block design arranged in factorial. Factor A was an organic fertilizer with three doses and factor B was the use of pesticides Proclaim® 5 SG with five doses and spraying variations of up to 20 times applications. The study examined the interaction between pesticides with organic matters by measuring the levels of pesticides after treatments. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and continued with LSD 5%. The results showed a positive interaction between organic matter and pesticide residues resulting in a reduction in the levels of residues in the soil. The low residue was obtained on treatment of 8 tons of organic matter without spraying pesticide, and the highest residue was found in treatment combination with no organic matter and 2.0 g pesticide with 20 times spraying, which was 27.59 mg/kg. Residue on cabbage plants measured between 1.3 and 5.9 mg/kg.

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Title: Testing the Pecking Order Theory: Comparative Evidence between two differentiated countries
Author(s): Guillermo Buenaventura Vera and Viviane Tatiana Yaleu Nganso
Paper ID: ATBAS-80222057
Pages: 54 - 58
Abstract: This paper analyses the financial if the behavior of the Canadian and Colombian companies follow the pecking order theory, using a sample of firms of several sectors in those countries. The study is conducted over a net sample of 74 Colombian firms and 104 Canadian firms, for the years 2006 to 2010, using the creative Shyam-Sunder and Myers (1999) model. As a general result, we observe that Canadian's firm finance their deficit using long term debt while Colombian companies do not. Moreover other important results were obtained from subdivide samples by company size.

Full Text: PDF (495 KB)