Serbia
 

to 27 Apr 1835         14 Feb 1804 - 3 Oct 1813        27 Apr 1835 - 26 Jun 1869 State Flag       27 Apr 1835 - 1 Dec 1918 Civil Flag;    17 Apr 1941 - 20 Oct 1944 National Flag        26 Jun 1869 - 13 Jul 1878 State Flag           13 Jul 1878 - 6 Mar 1882 State Flag            6 Mar 1882 - 1 Dec 1918 State Flag                        17 Jan 1947 - 27 Apr 1992                Adopted 27 Apr 1992;             Civil Flag from 17 Aug 2004         Adopted 17 Aug 2004 State Flag Map of Serbia Hear National Anthem "Bože Pravde" (God of Justice) Text of National Anthem  1904-1918, 1941-29 Nov 1945, Re-adopted 17 Aug 2004 Constitution (10 Nov 2006) --------------------------------- Former Constitution (28 Sep 1990-10 Nov 2006) Capital: Belgrade (Kragujevac 1818-1841,  1914-1915; Belgrade 1283-1346, 1791-1818, 1841-1914, 1915-1918;  Smederevo 1430-1791; Skopje 1346-1430) Currency: Serbian Dinar (RSD) (from 2003);  Serbian Dinar (SRBD) 1868-1920; Serbian Dinar (SRDD) 1941-1944 National Holiday: 15 Feb (1804/1835) Dan Državnosti Srbije "Sretenje"   (Serbian Statehood Day or "Meeting") Population: 7,243,007 (2013) note: does not include Kosovo 5,795,700 (1931) 1,903,400 (1885) GDP: $80.47 billion (2013) $10.8 billion (2001) Exports: $13.1 billion (2013) Imports: $19.4 billion (2013) Ethnic groups: Serb 83.3%, Bosniak 2%, Hungarian 3.5%,  Romany 2.1%, other 5.7%, undeclared or unknown 3.4% (2011) Total Active Armed Forces: 40,000 (2011) Merchant marine: None (2010) Religions: Serbian Orthodox 84.6%, Catholic 5%, Muslim 3.1%,  Protestant 1%, other 1.9%, undeclared or unknown 4.5% (2011) International Organizations/Treaties before 1918: ICRM, IOC, IPU, ITU, PCA, UIBPIP, UPU; From 2006: ACS (observer), APM, BIS, BSCE, BTWC, CE, CEFTA, CEI, CERN (associate), CTBT, CTBTO, CWC, DC, EAPC, EBRD, ESCR, EU (candidate), Eutelsat, FAO, G- 9, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO (suspended), ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, IRENA, ISA, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, KP, MIGA, NAM (observer), NPT, NSG, NTBT, OAS (observer), OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PAM, PCA, PFP, SECP, SELEC, UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer) Serbia Index Chronology 18 Jan 395                 Part of Eastern Roman Empire. 7th cent.                  Settled predominantly by Slavs, under Greek                              suzerainty. 83. - 997                  Part of autonomous Dioclea (see Montenegro), within                              the Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Empire. 997 - Mar? 1018            Part of Bulgaria. Mar? 1018 - 1071           Byzantine rule as the theme of Sirmium. 1071 - 1091                Part of Dioclea (see Montenegro) by force                             (presumably coinciding with Hungarian capture of                              Sirmium). 1091                       Separated from Dioclea (by civil war). 1126                       Under Byzantine suzerainty (by force).  8 Aug 1217                Serbian Kingdom (by papal coronation). 16 Apr 1346 -  3 Dec 1371  Part of the Serbian Empire, capital at Skopje                              (see under Macedonia). Sep? 1365                  The coronation of king Vl´kašin (Vukašin) is not                              recognized by most provincial leaders, resulting                              in the disintegration of the Serbian state. 1371 - 17 May 1395         Serbian rulers at Velbužd and Prilep become                              Ottoman vassals. 1390 - 18 Aug 1439         Serbia an Ottoman vassal. 17 May 1395                Ottomans annex Velbužd and Prilep. Aug 1402                   Despotate of Serbia Jul 1427 - 29 Aug 1521     Belgrade part of Hungary. 18 Aug 1439 - 12 Jun 1444  Ottoman occupation. 12 Jun 1444                Serbia restored by Hungarian forces (peace treaty                              effective 22 Aug 1444). 20 Jun 1459                Part of Ottoman Empire (part of Rumelia Eyalet;                              as sanjak of Semendire [Smederevo], from 1521                              also called "Belgrade Pashaluk"). 29 Aug 1521                Ottomans annex Belgrade. 1594                       Serb rebellion (Banat uprising). 1597 - 1598                Serb rebellion (Grdan's uprising).  6 Sep 1689 - 10 Sep 1691  Austrian occupation. 22 Aug 1717 -  4 Sep 1739  Austrian occupation, from 1718 organized as Kingdom                              of Serbia (Königreich Serbien) within Austria.  9 Feb 1778 -  7 Sep 1778  Serb rebellion (Koča's Krajina rebellion). Aug 1789 - Sep 1791        Austrian occupation.  2 Feb 1804 - 21 Sep 1813  Serbia; uprising against Ottoman rule.  9 Nov 1815                Principality of Serbia (officially from 25 Oct 1817                              under Ottoman suzerainty). 30 Nov 1830                Principality of Serbia (Servië)(under Ottoman                              suzerainty)(New Style date 12 Dec 1830).  6 Apr 1867                Ottomans evacuate Kalemegdan fortress in Belgrade                              (New style date 19 Apr 1867).  1 Jul 1878                Independence recognized (New Style date 13 Jul 1878                              ratified 22 Jul/3 Aug 1878). 22 Feb 1882                Kingdom of Serbia (New style date 6 Mar 1882). 10 Aug 1913                Southern Serbia, Novi Pazar and Macedonia annexed                              from Ottoman Empire. 11 Aug 1914 - 21 Aug 1914  Austro-Hungarian occupation of northwestern                               Serbia.  2 Dec 1914 - 15 Dec 1914  Belgrade occupied by Austria-Hungary.  9 Oct 1915 -  1 Nov 1918  Serbia occupied by Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria                              (in Vranje to 5 Oct 1918; Niš to 11 Oct 1918).  1 Dec 1918                Proclamation of the unification of Serbia and                              the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs into a                              single kingdom by public ceremony in Belgrade                              (Old Style date 18 Nov 1918). 29 Dec 1918                Parliament of Serbia approves act of unification. 24 Aug 1920                Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes   4 Oct 1929                Kingdom of Yugoslavia (Serbia is divided into                              Vardarska banovina [Banate of the Vardar: see                              Macedonia], Zetska banovina [Banate of the                              Zeta: see Montenegro], Moravska banovina [Banate                              of the Morava] and the City of Belgrade). 13 Apr 1941 - 20 Oct 1944  Serbia and Banat occupied by Germany (Military                              Administration in Serbia)(from 30 Apr 1941,                              Serbian state officially named 'Serbia'). 31 Dec 1941 - 20 Sep 1944  Bulgaria occupies Vardar Macedonia and Southern                              Pomoravlje (subordinate to German forces). 29 Nov 1943                Yugoslav state declared reconstituted as Democratic                              Federative Yugoslavia while negotiations with                              royal government in exile. 29 Nov 1943                Re-incorporation into Yugoslavia declared.  9 Nov 1944                Serbia 29 Nov 1945                Part of Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia. 31 Jan 1946                People's Republic of Serbia (within Yugoslavia).  7 Apr 1963                Socialist Republic of Serbia (within Yugoslavia). 28 Sep 1990                Republic of Serbia (within Yugoslavia) 27 Apr 1992 -  4 Feb 2003  Serbia with Montenegro part of Federal Republic                              of Yugoslavia 12 Jun 1999                Kosovo under foreign occupation                              (UN administration).  4 Feb 2003                Part of a looser confederation called Serbia                              and Montenegro.  5 Jun 2006                Independence, Serbia acknowledges end of the                              union, declaring itself its legal successor. 17 Feb 2008                Kosovo declares independence (not recognized                              by Serbia or Russia).   Yugoslavia (& Serbia and Montenegro) (1918-2006) Socialist Republic of Serbia (1945-1991) Kosovo Vojvodina Sanjak of Nish (1690-1877) Serbian Orthodox Church Historical Maps of Serbia Map of Yugoslav Banovinas 1929

Note: dates before 1 Dec 1918 are given according to Old Style (Julian) calendar, and after according to New Style (Gregorian) calendar. New Style was introduced 7/20 Dec 1918 in Serbia formally from 28 Jan 1919.


Strategoi
1018 - c.1022              Konstantínos Diogénis
                             (Constantine Diogenes)
10 .. - 1040               Theófilos Erotikós
                             (Theophilos Erotikos)
10.. - 10..                Ljutovid (in Seruie et Zahulmie)   (b. 10.. - d. 1053?)
Grand Zupans¹
1091 - c.1114              Vl´kan (Vukan)                     (b. 105. - d. c.1114)
c.1114 - 113.              Bela Uroš                          (b. 108. - d. 113.) 
113. - 1150                Uroš I Urošić (1st time)           (b. 110. - d. af.1161)
1150 - c.1152              Desa Urošić (1st time)             (b. 110. - d. 1179?)
c.1152 - 1155              Uroš I Urošić (2nd time)           (s.a.)           
1155 - 1156                Desa Urošić (2nd time)             (s.a.)
1156 - 1161                Uroš I Urošić (3rd time)           (s.a.)
1161 - 1166                Desa Urošić (3rd time)             (s.a.)   
1166 - 1168                Tihomir Zavidić                    (b. 110. - d. 1168/71)
1166 - 1168                Sracimir Zavidić -Co-ruler         (b. 110. - d. 119.)
1168 - 25 Mar 1196         Stefan I Zavidić Nemanja (Nemanja) (b. 1113 - d. 1199)
25 Mar 1196 - 1202         Stefan II Nemanić (Nemanjić)       (b. 115. - d. 1227)
                             (1st time)
1202 - 1204                Stefan Vl´kan Nemanić (Nemanjić)   (b. 115. - d. 1209)
1204 -  8 Aug 1217         Stefan II Nemanić (Nemanjić)       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Kings¹
 8 Aug 1217 - c.1225       Stefan I (Nemanjić)                (b. 115. - d. 1227)
c.1225 - Jan 1234          Stefan Radoslav                    (b. 119. - d. af.1235)
Jan 1234 - Apr 1243        Stefan Vladislav                   (b. 120. - d. 1269?)
Apr 1243 - Oct 1276        Stefan Uroš I "Veliki" (the Great) (b. 121. - d. 1280)
1271 - 1282                Stefan "Dragutin" (the Valued)     (b. c.1250 - d. 1316)   
                             (co-ruler to Oct 1276)
1282 - 29 Oct 1321         Stefan Uroš II                     (b. c.1253- d. 1321)
Kings and Emperors¹
29 Oct 1321 - 21 Aug 1331  Stefan Uroš III                    (b. c.1276 - d. 1336)
                             (coronation 6 Jan 1322)
29 Oct 1321 - 1323         Vladislav (in Rudnik)(in rebellion)(b. 127. - d. af.1326)
21 Aug 1331 - 16 Apr 1346  Stefan Dušan                       (b. 1308 - d. 1355)
                             (coronation 8 Sep 1331)
16 Apr 1346 -  3 Dec 1371  the Emperors of Serbs and Greeks
Kings¹
16 Apr 1346 - 20 Dec 1355  Stefan Uroš IV "Nejaki" (the Weak) (b. 1337 - d. 1371)   
16 Apr 1346 - 20 Dec 1355  Elena Sracimirović (f) -Regent     (b. 131. - d. 1374)
20 Dec 1355 - Sep? 1365    ....  
Sep? 1365 - 26 Sep 1371    Vl´kašin (Vukašin)(Mrnjavčević)    (b. 131. - d. 1371)
26 Sep 1371 - 17 May 1395  Marko (Vl´kašević) (in Prilěp)     (b. 1335? - d. 1395)
Lord¹ (in Priština)
Sep? 1365 - 17 May 1395    Vl´k (Vuk) Branković               (b. c.1329 - d. 1398)
Despots¹ (in Velbužd)
Sep? 1365 - 1378           Ïoan (Jovan) Dejanović Dragaš      (b. 135. - d. 1378)
1378 - 17 May 1395         Kostandin Dejanović Dragaš         (b. 135. - d. 1395)
Princes and Lords¹
Oct? 1380 - 15 Jun 1389    Stefan Lazar                       (b. 1329 - d. 1389)
                             (Pribačić Hrbeljanović)
15 Jun 1389 - Aug 1402     Stefan Lazarević Hrebelanović      (b. c.1377 - d. 1427)
                             (Hrebeljanović)
15 Jun 1389 - 1393         Milica (f) -Regent                 (b. 13.. - d. 1405)
Lords and Despots¹
Aug 1402 - 19 Jul 1427     Stefan Lazarević Hrebelanović      (s.a.)  
19 Jul 1427 - 24 Dec 1456  Gjurg´ Vl´ković (Đurađ Vuković)    (b. 1375 - d. 1456)
                             (Djuradj Vuković)
                             (in opposition to Ottomans 18 Aug 1439 - 12 Jun 1444)
24 Dec 1456 - 20 Jan 1458  Lazar Gjurg´ević (Lazar Đurđević)  (b. 1421 - d. 1458)
                            (Lazar Djurdjević)
20 Jan 1458 - Mar 1458     Elena ('Elénị Paläologína)(f)      (b. 1431 - d. 1473)
                           + Mihailo Anđelović (Andjelović)   (b. 14.. - d. 1464)   
                             (Michail Ángelos)
                           + Stěpan Gjurg'ević                (b. 1417? - d. 1476)
                           (acting)
Mar 1458 -  1 Jun 1459     Stěpan Gjurg'ević (Stefan Đurđević)(s.a.)
                             (Stěpan Djurdjević)
Mar 1458 -  1 Jun 1459     Elena (f) -Regent (1st time)       (s.a.)
 1 Jun 1459 - 20 Jun 1459  Štefan Stepan Tomašević            (b. 1438 - d. 1463)
 1 Jun 1459 - 20 Jun 1459  Elena (f) -Regent (2nd time)       (s.a.)
Ottoman Walis (governors) 
20 Jun 1459 - 14..         .... 
14.. - Jun 1463            Mehmed Bey
Jun 1463 - c.1476          ....
c.1476                     Ali Bey
c.1476 - Dec 1506          ....
Dec 1506 - Oct 1513        Sinan Pasha                        (d. 1517)
1515 - ....                Mehmed Pasha                       (d. 1548)
1594                       Teodor Nestorović                  (d. 1594)
                             (in rebellion, in Banat)
.... - 1691                ....
Austrian Military Commanders
 6 Sep 1689 - 24 Sep 1689  Ludwig Wilhelm Markgraf von Baden  (b. 1655 - d. 1707)
24 Sep 1689 - 1689         Giovanni Norberto conte Piccolomini(b. 1650 - d. 1689)
1689 - 10 Sep 1691         Friedrich Ambros Graf Veterani     (b. 1630 - d. 1695)
Walis
1691 - Sep 1698            ....
Sep 1698 - 21 Oct 1700     Ali Pasha
21 Oct 1700 - Jan 1700     Yuruk Hasan Pasha (1st time)
Jan 1700 - Jun 1703        Vacant
Jun 1703 - Oct 1703        Ali Pasha
Oct 1703 - Oct 1706        Yuruk Hasan Pasha (2nd time)
Oct 1706 - Sep 1708        Haci Ibrahim Pasha
Sep 1708 - Oct 1708        Vacant
Oct 1708 - May 1710        Ali Pasha (1st time)
May 1710 - 16 Jun 1710     Damad Numan Pasha (1st time)       (b. 1670 - d. 1719)
16 Jun 1710 - Jun 1711     Abdullah Pasha
Jan 1712 - Apr 1713        Ali Pasha (2nd time)
Apr 1713 - Dec 1714        Halil Pasha
Dec 1714 - May 1715        Damad Numan Pasha (2nd time)       (s.a.)
May 1715 - Jul 1716        Ahmed Pasha Dizdar
Nov 1716 - 22 Aug 1717     Çelebi Mustafa Pasha
Austrian Military Commander
22 Aug 1717 - 1718         François-Eugène de Savoie-Carignan (b. 1663 - d. 1736)
                             prince de Savoie-Carignan
                            (Eugen Franz, Prinz von Savoyen-Carignan)
Austrian Military Governors
1718 -  7 Sep 1720         Johann Joseph Anton Graf O'Dwyer   (b. 16.. - d. 1729)
 7 Sep 1720 - 1733         Karl Alexander von Württemberg     (b. 1684 - d. 1737)
1733 -  4 Sep 1738         Karl Christoph Graf von Schmettau  (b. 1696 - d. 1775)
Nov 1738 -  4 Sep 1739     Georg Olivier Graf von Wallis,     (b. 1673 - d. 1744)
                             Freiherr von Carighmain     
Walis (in Niš 1719-1739)
1718 - Feb 1719            Mehmed Pasha
Feb 1719 - 1721            Abdullah Pasha (1st time)
1721 - Nov 1727            Osman Topal Pasha (1st time)
Nov 1727 - Nov 1730        Abdullah Pasha (2nd time) 
Nov 1730 - Sep 1731        Husein Pasha 
Sep 1731 - Aug 1732        Mehmed Pasha 
Aug 1732 - Aug 1733        Ismail Pasha 
Aug 1733 - Aug 1734        Osman Topal Pasha (2nd time) 
Aug 1734 - Apr 1735        Becir Pasha
Apr 1734 -  4 Sep 1739     Abdullah Pasha (3rd time)
 4 Sep 1739 - 1739         Mehmed Pasha (acting)
1739 - 1740                Ali Pasha
Jul 1740 - Nov 1740        Mustafa Pasha (1st time)
Nov 1740 - 1741            Hafiz Ahmed Pasha (1st time)
1741 - 1742                Mehmed Pasha
1742                       Mehmed Pasha
1742 - 1743                Haci Mustafa Pasha
1743 - 1746                Yahya Pasha
1747 - 1748                Seyid Mehmed Pasha
1748 - 1750                Sherif Halil Yusuf Pasha
1750 - 1752                Hafiz Ahmed Pasha (2nd time)
1753 - 1754                Seyid Numan Pasha
1754 - 1755                Hafiz Ahmed Pasha (3rd time)
1755 - 1756                Mustafa Pasha (2nd time)

1756 - 1758                Ibrahim Pasha

1758 - 1761                Haci Hasan Pasha (1st time)

1761 - 1762                Haci Mustafa Pasha

1762                       Koca Ali Pasha (1st time)

1762 - 1764                Damad Melik Mehmed Pasha           (b. 1719 - d. 1801)

                             (1st time)

1764 - 1768                Mustafa Pasha

1768 - 1769                Haci Hasan Pasha (2nd time)

1769 - 1770                Kara Halil Pasha

1770 - 1772                Haci Halil Pasha

1772 - 1774                Mehmed Asif Pasha (1st time)

1774 - 1775                Osman Pasha

1775 - 1776                Seyid Hasan Pasha

1776 - 1779                Damad Melik Mehmed Pasha           (s.a.) 

                             (2nd time)

1779 - 1781                Mehmed Asif Pasha (2nd time)

1781 - 1783                Mehmed Pasha

1783 - 1784                Izzet Mehmed Pasha

1784 - 1785                Raif Ismail Pasha

1785                       Selim Pasha

1785 - 1786                Yeghen Mahmud Pasha

1786 - 1788                Koca Ali Pasha (2nd time)

1788 - 1789                Osman Pasha

 9 Feb 1788 -  7 Sep 1788  Koča Anđelković (Andjelković)      (b. 1755 - d. 1789)
                             (in rebellion, in Krajina)

Austrian Military Governors

Aug 1789 - 24 Aug 1791     Ernst Gideon Freiherr von Laudon   (b. 1717 - d. 1791)

24 Aug 1791 - 23 Oct 1791  Johann Nepomuk Karl Graf Kolowrat- (b. 1748 - d. 1816)

                             Krakowsky, Freiherr von Ugezd 

Walis 

Sep 1791 -  Jul 1792       Abu Bekir Pasha (1st time)

Jul 1792 - 26 Nov 1792     Mehmed Ali Pasha

26 Nov 1792 - Jan 1793     Ahmad Topal Pasha

1793 - 1795                Abu Bekir Pasha  (2nd time)

Apr 1795 - Jul 1795        Sasit Pasha                        (d. 1830)

Jul 1795 - Mar 1797        Haci Mustafa Pasha (1st time)      (b. 1733 - d. 1801)

Mar 1797 -  8 Jun 1798     Osman Pasha (acting)

1798                       Osman Pazvantoglu Pasha            (b. 1758 - d. 1807)

                             (in rebellion, in parts of Serbia)

23 Nov 1798 - 15 Dec 1801  Haci Mustafa Pasha (2nd time)      (s.a.)

1799 -  7 Aug 1804         Dahia (in rebellion, in Belgrade fortress) 

                           - Mehmed Agha                      (d. 1804) 

                           - Aghani Bayraktar                 (d. 1804) 

                           - Küçük Aliya                      (d. 1804) 

                           - Mula Yusuf                       (d. 1804)

May 1802 - 1804            Hassan Pasha

1804                       Abu Bekir Pasha (in rebellion)

Jun 1804 - 1805            Üskübli Süleyman Pasha (1st time)  (d. 1818)

1805 - Aug 1805            Hafiz Pasha                        (d. 1805)

Aug 1805 - 23 Nov 1806     Halil Pasha (acting)

1806 - 1807                Üskübli Süleyman Pasha (2nd time)  (s.a.)

1807 - 1808                Ibrahim Pasha

 2 Feb 1804 - 21 Sep 1813  Serb rebellion (s.b.)

1813                       Hurshid Ahmed Pasha                (d. 1822)

1813                       Derdenli Pasha

21 Sep 1813 -  9 Nov 1815  Üskübli Süleyman Pasha (3rd time)  (s.a.)

1814 - 1814                Prodan Gligorijević (Hadži-Prodan) (b. 1760 - d. 1825)

                             (in rebellion, in Čačak region)

Nov 1815 -  6 Nov 1817     Marashli Ali Pasha                 (d. 1821)

Ottoman military governors of Kale Meydan (Kalemegdan fortress) in Belgrade

 6 Nov 1817 - Sep 1821     Marashli Ali Pasha                 (s.a.)

Sep 1821 - 1827            Abdurrahman Pasha

1827 - 1833                Hüseyin Pasha

1833 - 1835                Vedyehi Veci Pasha

1835 - 1837                Yusuf Muhlis Pasha 

Dec 1837 - Jan 1841        Hüshrev Pasha Samakuli             (d. 1846)
Jan 1841 - Oct 1843        Haci Mehmed Kamil Pasha            (d. 1859)
Oct 1843 - Jan 1846        Hafiz Mehmed Pasha                 (d. 1866)
Jan 1846 - Feb 1847        Mehmed Vecihi Pasha                (b. 1797 - d. 1867)
Feb 1847 - Jul 1848        Selim Sirri Pasha                  (b. 1800 - d. 1848)

Jul 1848 - Oct 1848        Hafiz Ahmed Pasha                  (d. 1853)
Oct 1848 - May 1850        Hasan Pasha                        (d. 1850)
May 1850 - Apr 1852        Mehmed Vasif Pasha                 (d. 1865)
Apr 1852 - Jul 1852        Mehmed Hurshid Pasha               (d. 1876)
Jul 1852 - Feb 1854        Mehmed Besim Pasha                 (d. 1858)
Feb 1854 - Jan 1855        Ahmed Izzet Pasha                  (b. 1798 - d. 1876)
Jan 1855 - Jan 1857        Aziz Pasha
Jan 1857 - Jul 1857        Hasan Hüsnü Pasha
Jul 1857 - Jan 1861        Sherif Topal Osman Pasha
1861                       Hurshid Pasha 
Apr 1861 - 1863            Reshid Pash
1863 - 1864                Eyub Pasha
1865 - 1866                Ali Pasha 
1866 - 19 Apr 1867         Ali Reza Pasha

Chief (from 14 Dec 1808, Supreme Chief)¹

 2 Feb 1804 - 21 Sep 1813  Đorđe "Karađorđe" Petrović         (b. 1762 - d. 1817)  Mil

                             (Djordje "Karadjordje" Petrović)

                             (in rebellion to 30 Nov 1806 and from 14 Dec 1808)

Princes¹

  9 Nov 1815 -  1 Jun 1839  Miloš Obrenović I (1st time)       (b. 1780 - d. 1860)

  1 Jun 1839 - 26 Jun 1839  Milan Obrenović II                 (b. 1819 - d. 1839)

  2 Jun 1839 -  5 Mar 1840  Provisional Regency

                           (for incapacitated Milan to 8 Jul 1839)

                           - Jevrem Teodorović Obrenović      (b. 1790 - d. 1856)  Mil

                           - Toma Vučić Perišić               (b. 1788 - d. 1859)  Lib

                           - Avram Petronijević               (b. 1791 - d. 1852)  Lib

  5 Mar 1840 -  2 Sep 1842  Mihailo Obrenović III (1st time)   (b. 1823 - d. 1868)

                             (in Austria exile from 6 Sep 1842)

 8 Sep 1842 -  7 Nov 1842  Avram Petronijević                 (s.a.)               Lib

                             (acting for Mihailo, then Aleksandar)

 2 Sep 1842 -  8 Jun 1843  Aleksandar Karađorđević (1st time) (b. 1806 - d. 1885)

                             (Aleksandar Karadjordjević)

 2 Sep 1842 -  7 Nov 1842  Regency 

                           - Toma Vučić Perišić               (s.a.)               Lib

                             (self-styled "leader of the People")

                           - Avram Petronijević               (s.a.)               Lib

                             (President of temporary Justice)

 8 Jun 1843 - 15 Jun 1843  Regency
                           - Stefan Stefanović "Tenka"        (b. 1797 - d. 1865)  Mil
                           - Lazar Theodorov Theodorović      (b. c.1781 - d. 1846)Con
                           - Milosav Zdravković "Resavac"     (b. 1788 - d. 1854)  Mil

27 Jun 1843 - 23 Dec 1858  Aleksandar Karađorđević (2nd time) (s.a.)

23 Dec 1858 - 24 Dec 1858  Miša Anastasijević                 (b. 1803 - d. 1885)  Lib

                             (President of the People's Assembly)

24 Dec 1858 - 26 Sep 1860  Miloš Obrenović I (2nd time)       (s.a.)

24 Dec 1858 -  9 Feb 1859  Represenatives of the Prince (Regency) 

                           - Ilija Garašanin                  (b. 1812 - d. 1874)  Con

                             (to 17 Jan 1859)

                           - Stefan "Stevča" Mihajlović       (b. 1804 - d. 1888)  Lib

                           - Jeftimije Ugričić                (b. 1800 - d. 1886)

                           - Stefan Mitrov Magazinović        (b. 1804 - d. 1874)

26 Sep 1860 - 10 Jun 1868  Mihailo Obrenović III (2nd time)   (s.a.)

10 Jun 1868 -  2 Jul 1868  Provisional Regency

                           - Jovan Marinović                  (b. 1821 - d. 1893)  Con

                              (president of state council)

                           - Rajko Jovanović Lešjanin         (b. 1826 - d. 1872)

                           - Đorđe (Djordje) Jovanov Petrović

 2 Jul 1868 -  6 Mar 1882  Milan Obrenović IV                 (b. 1854 - d. 1901)

 2 Jul 1868 - 22 Aug 1872  Regency

                           - Milivoje Petrović Blaznavac      (b. 1824 - d. 1873)  Mil

                           - Jovan Ristić                     (b. 1831 - d. 1899)  Lib

                           - Jovan Gavrilović                 (b. 1796 - d. 1877)

Kings¹

 6 Mar 1882 -  6 Mar 1889  Milan I                            (s.a.)

 6 Mar 1889 - 11 Jun 1903  Aleksandar I                       (b. 1876 - d. 1903)

 6 Mar 1889 - 13 Apr 1893  Regency

                           - Jovan Ristić                     (s.a.)               LS

                           - Jovan Belimarković               (b. 1827 - d. 1906)  Mil

                           - Kosta S. Protić (to 16 Jun 1892) (b. 1831 - d. 1892)  Mil

11 Jun 1903 - 25 Jun 1903  Jovan Avakumović -Regent           (b. 1841 - d. 1928)  LS

15 Jun 1903 -  1 Dec 1918  Petar I                            (b. 1844 - d. 1921)

                             (from Nov 1915, in Corfu, Greece exile)

 5 Jul 1914 -  1 Dec 1918  Prince Aleksandar Karađorđević     (b. 1888 - d. 1934)  Non-party

                             (Karadjordjević) -Regent 

Austro-Hungarian Commanders 

(in north eastern Serbia only 2 Dec 1915, then in Belgrade) 

12 Aug 1914 - 27 Dec 1914  Oskar Potiorek                     (b. 1853 - d. 1933)

27 Dec 1914 - 27 May 1915  Eugen Ferdinand, Erzherzog von     (b. 1863 - d. 1954)
                             Habsburg-Lothringen
27 May 1915 - 27 Sep 1915  Karl Tersztyánszky von Nádás       (b. 1854 - d. 1921)
27 Sep 1915 -  1 Jan 1916  Hermann Albin Josef Freiherr       (b. 1854 - d. 1924)
                             Kövess von Kövessháza 

Austro-Hungarian Military Governors-general

 1 Jan 1916 - Jul 1916     Johan Ulrich Graf von Salis-       (b. 1862 - d. 1940)

                             Seewis

 6 Jul 1916 - Oct 1918     Adolf Freiherr von Rhemen zu       (b. 1855 - d. 1932)

                             Barensfeld

Oct 1918 -  1 Nov 1918     Hermann Albin Josef Freiherr       (s.a.)
                             Kövess von Kövessháza

Bulgarian Chiefs of the Moravian Military Inspection Oblast 

27 Nov 1915 -  6 May 1917  Vasil Ivanov Kutinchev             (b. 1859 - d. 1941)

May 1917 - Dec 1917        Aleksandur Nikolov Protogerov      (b. 1867 - d. 1928)

Dec 1917 - Feb 1918        Petur Georgiev Durvingov           (b. 1875 - d. 1953)

Bans of the Morava 

 9 Oct 1929 - 1931         Đorđe (Djordje) B. Nestorović      (b. 1864 - d. 1932)

1931 - 1932                Đorđe (Djordje) Drenovac 

1932 - 1935                Jeremija Živanović                 (b. 1874 - d. 1940)
1935 - 1936                Dobrica Matković                   (b. 1887 - d. 1973)
27 Apr 1936 - 1937         Marko Novaković    
1937 - Sep 1938            Predrag Lukić
Sep 1938 - 1939            Janićije Krasojević

1939 - 1941                Milan Nikolić                      (b. 1877 - d. 1943)

1941 - 17 Apr 1941         Ivan Đorđević (Djordjević)         (b. 1893 - d. 19..)

Presidents of Municipality of Belgrade

18 Feb 1929 - 23 May 1930  Miloš Savčić                       (b. 1865 - d. 1941)

23 May 1930 - 12 May 1932  Milan Nešić                        (b. 1886 - d. 19..)

12 May 1932 -  5 Jan 1935  Milutin Petrović

10 Jan 1935 - 13 Sep 1939  Vlada Ilić                         (b. 1882 - d. 1952)

13 Sep 1939 - 20 Jun 1940  Vojin Đuričić (Djuricić)           (b. 1888 - d. 1944)

20 Jun 1940 -  2 Apr 1941  Jevrem Tomić                       (d. 1941)

 2 Apr 1941 -  6 Apr 1941  Dobrivoje T. Lazarević             (b. 1886 - d. af.1945)
 6 Apr 1941 - 19 Jun 1941  Jovan Milićević (acting)

King

29 Aug 1941 - 20 Oct 1944  Government under German occupation 

                           carried on in the name of the

                           absent and non-consenting

                           King Petar II                      (b. 1923 - d. 1970)

German Military Commanders in Serbia

13 Apr 1941 - 19 Apr 1941  Ewald von Kleist                   (b. 1881 - d. 1954)

                             (commander 1st Panzergruppe)

19 Apr 1941 - 31 May 1941  Helmuth Förster                    (b. 1889 - d. 1965)

 1 Jun 1941 - 28 Jul 1941  Ludwig Wilhelm von Schröder        (b. 1884 - d. 1941)

29 Jul 1941 - 20 Oct 1941  Heinrich Bernhard Danckelmann      (b. 1887 - d. 1947)

German Representatives and Military Commanders in Serbia

19 Sep 1941 - 10 Dec 1941  Franz Boehme                       (b. 1885 - d. 1947)

11 Dec 1941 - 16 Mar 1942  Paul Bader                         (b. 1883 - d. 1971)

German Military Commanders in Serbia

16 Mar 1942 - 19 Aug 1943  Paul Bader                         (s.a.)

20 Aug 1943 - 20 Oct 1944  Hans-Gustav Felber                 (b. 1889 - d. 1962)

                            (commander of the army department Serbia)

Bulgarian Commander of the 1st Corps of Occupation

(in Niš, Serbia; subordinated to the German commanders)

11 Apr 1942 -  4 Sep 1944  Asen Nikolov                       (b. 1891 - d. 1946) 

Presidents

11 Jan 1991 - 23 Jul 1997  Slobodan Milošević                 (b. 1941 - d. 2006)  SPS

23 Jul 1997 - 29 Dec 1997  Dragan Tomić (acting)              (b. 1937)            SPS

29 Dec 1997 - 29 Dec 2002  Milan Milutinović                  (b. 1942)            SPS

30 Dec 2002 - 27 Jan 2004  Nataša Mićić (f)(acting)           (b. 1965)            GSS

27 Jan 2004 -  4 Feb 2004  Velimir Simonović (acting)         (b. 1928)            DSS

 4 Feb 2004 -  3 Mar 2004  Dragan Maršićanin (acting)         (b. 1950)            DSS

 3 Mar 2004 -  4 Mar 2004  Vojislav Mihailović (acting)       (b. 1951)            SPO

 4 Mar 2004 - 11 Jul 2004  Predrag Marković (acting)          (b. 1955)            G17

11 Jul 2004 -  5 Apr 2012  Boris Tadić                        (b. 1958)            DS

 5 Apr 2012 - 31 May 2012  Slavica Đukić Dejanović (f)(acting)(b. 1951)            SPS
                             (Slavica Djukić Dejanović)

31 May 2012 -              Tomislav Nikolić                   (b. 1952)            SNS

  

Presidents of the Administering Council

25 Aug 1805 - Jan 1807     Mateja Nenadović                   (b. 1777 - d. 1854)
Jan 1807 - Jan 1808        Sima Marković                      (b. 1768 - d. 1817)  Mil
Jan 1808 - Nov 1809        Mladen Milovanović                 (b. c.1760 - d. 1823)Mil
Nov 1809 - 22 Jan 1811     Jakov Nenadović                    (b. 1765 - d. 1836)  Mil

Presidents of People's Chancellery

21 Nov 1815 - 16 May 1816  Petar Nikolajević Moler            (b. 1775 - d. 1816)

1818 - 1820                Avram Petronijević (1st time)      (s.a.)
1821 - 1826                Jevrem Obrenović                   (b. 1790 - d. 1856)
1826                       Avram Petronijević (2nd time)      (s.a.)               Lib
1826                       Miloje Todorović                   (b. 1762 - d. 1832)
1826 - 1835                Dimitrije "Dimitri" Davidović      (b. 1789 - d. 1839)
1835 - 1839                Jakov Živanović                    (b. 1808 - d. 1861)

Prime ministers (to 21 Oct 1861 Representatives of the Prince; 1862 - 1903 

Presidents of the ministry; from 1903 Presidents of the ministerial council) 

15 Feb 1835 - 28 Mar 1836  Koča Marković                      (b. 1795 - d. 1836)

28 Mar 1836 - 26 Feb 1839  Stefan Stefanović "Tenka" (acting) (s.a.)               Mil

26 Feb 1839 -  8 May 1840  Avram Petronijević (1st time)      (s.a.)               Lib

 8 May 1840 - 15 May 1840  Paun Janković (acting)             (b. 1808 - d. 1865)

15 May 1840 -  8 Sep 1842  Đorđe (Djordje) Protić             (b. 1793 - d. 1857)  Mil

 8 Sep 1842 - 20 Jun 1843  Avram Petronijević (2nd time)      (s.a.)               Lib

20 Jun 1843 - 29 Nov 1843  Aleksa Janković (1st time)         (b. 1806 - d. 1869)  Lib

                             (acting [for Simic from 6 Oct 1843])

 6 Oct 1843 - 11 Oct 1844  Aleksa Simić (1st time)            (b. 1800 - d. 1872)  Lib

11 Oct 1844 - 22 Apr 1852  Avram Petronijević (3rd time)      (s.a.)               Lib

Oct 1851 - 25 Sep 1852     Aleksa Janković (2nd time)         (s.a.)               Lib
                             (acting [for Petronijevic to 22 Apr 1852])
25 Sep 1852 - 26 Mar 1853  Ilija Garašanin (1st time)         (s.a.)               Con

26 Mar 1853 - 28 Dec 1855  Aleksa Simić (2nd time)            (s.a.)               Lib

28 Dec 1855 - 10 Jun 1856  Aleksa Janković (3rd time)         (s.a.)               Lib

10 Jun 1856 - 28 Sep 1856  Stevan Marković (1st time)(acting) (b. 1804 - d. 1864)  Lib

28 Sep 1856 -  1 Jul 1857  Aleksa Simić (3rd time)            (s.a.)               Lib

 1 Jul 1857 - 12 Jun 1858  Stevan Marković (2nd time)         (s.a.)               Lib

12 Jun 1858 - 18 Apr 1859  Stevan Mitrov Magazinović          (s.a.)

18 Apr 1859 -  8 Nov 1860  Cvetko Rajović                     (b. 1793 - d. 1873)  Con

 8 Nov 1860 - 21 Oct 1861  Filip Hristić                      (b. 1819 - d. 1903)  Con

21 Oct 1861 - 15 Nov 1867  Ilija Garašanin (2nd time)         (s.a.)               Con

15 Nov 1867 -  3 Dec 1867  Jovan Ristić (1st time)            (s.a.)               Lib

 3 Dec 1867 -  3 Jul 1868  Nikola Hristić (1st time)          (b. 1816 - d. 1911)  Con

 3 Jul 1868 -  8 Aug 1869  Đorđe (Djordje) Cenić              (b. 1825 - d. 1903)  Con

 8 Aug 1869 - 22 Aug 1872  Radivoje Milojković                (b. 1832 - d. 1888)  Lib

22 Aug 1872 -  5 Apr 1873  Milivoje Petrović Blaznavac        (s.a.)               Mil

 5 Apr 1873 -  3 Nov 1873  Jovan Ristić (2nd time)            (s.a.)               Lib

                             (acting to 14 Apr 1873)

 3 Nov 1873 -  7 Dec 1874  Jovan Marinović                    (b. 1821 - d. 1893)  Con

 7 Dec 1874 -  3 Feb 1875  Aćim Čumić                         (b. 1836 - d. 1901)  Con

 3 Feb 1875 - 31 Aug 1875  Danilo Stefanović                  (b. 1815 - d. 1886)  Con

31 Aug 1875 -  8 Oct 1875  Stefan "Stevča" Mihailović         (s.a.)               Lib

                             (1st time)

 8 Oct 1875 -  6 May 1876  Ljubomir Kaljević                  (b. 1841 - d. 1907)  Lib

 6 May 1876 - 13 Oct 1878  Stefan "Stevča" Mihailović         (s.a.)               Lib

                             (2nd time)

13 Oct 1878 -  2 Nov 1880  Jovan Ristić (3rd time)            (s.a.)               Lib

 2 Nov 1880 - 13 Oct 1883  Milan Piroćanac                    (b. 1837 - d. 1897)  SNS

13 Oct 1883 -  1 Mar 1884  Nikola Hristić (2nd time)          (s.a.)               Con

 1 Mar 1884 - 13 Jun 1887  Milutin Garašanin                  (b. 1843 - d. 1908)  SNS

13 Jun 1887 - 31 Dec 1887  Jovan Ristić (4th time)            (s.a.)               LS

31 Dec 1887 - 26 Apr 1888  Sava Grujić (1st time)             (b. 1840 - d. 1913)  Mil

26 Apr 1888 -  6 Mar 1889  Nikola Hristić (3rd time)          (s.a.)               Con

 6 Mar 1889 -  7 Mar 1889  Kosta Protić                       (s.a.)               Mil

 7 Mar 1889 - 23 Feb 1891  Sava Grujić (2nd time)             (s.a.)               Mil

23 Feb 1891 - 21 Aug 1892  Nikola Pašić (1st time)            (b. 1845 - d. 1926)  NRS

21 Aug 1892 - 13 Apr 1893  Jovan Avakumović (1st time)        (s.a.)               LS

13 Apr 1893 -  5 Dec 1893  Lazar Dokić                        (b. 1845 - d. 1893)  NRS

 5 Dec 1893 - 24 Jan 1894  Sava Grujić (3rd time)             (s.a.)               Mil

24 Jan 1894 -  2 Apr 1894  Đorđe (Djordje) Simić (1st time)   (b. 1843 - d. 1921)  Non-party

 2 Apr 1894 - 27 Oct 1894  Svetomir Nikolajević               (b. 1844 - d. 1922)  NRS

27 Oct 1894 -  7 Jul 1895  Nikola Hristić (4th time)          (s.a.)               Con

 7 Jul 1895 - 29 Dec 1896  Stojan Novaković (1st time)        (b. 1842 - d. 1915)  SNS

29 Dec 1896 - 23 Oct 1897  Đorđe Simić (2nd time)             (s.a.)               Non-party

23 Oct 1897 - 24 Jul 1900  Vladan Đorđević (Djordjević)       (b. 1844 - d. 1930)  SNS

24 Jul 1900 -  2 Apr 1901  Aleksa Jovanović                   (b. 1846 - d. 1920)  Non-party

 2 Apr 1901 - 20 Oct 1902  Mihailo Vujić                      (b. 1853 - d. 1913)  Rad

20 Oct 1902 - 19 Nov 1902  Petar Velimirović (1st time)       (b. 1848 - d. 1922)  NRS

19 Nov 1902 - 11 Jun 1903  Dimitrije Cincar-Marković          (b. 1849 - d. 1903)  Mil

11 Jun 1903 -  4 Oct 1903  Jovan Avakumović (2nd time)        (s.a.)               LS

 4 Oct 1903 - 10 Dec 1904  Sava Grujić (4th time)             (s.a.)               Mil

10 Dec 1904 - 29 May 1905  Nikola Pašić (2nd time)            (s.a.)               NRS

29 May 1905 - 14 Mar 1906  Ljubomir Stojanović                (b. 1861 - d. 1930)  SRS

14 Mar 1906 - 30 Apr 1906  Sava Grujić (5th time)             (s.a.)               Mil

30 Apr 1906 - 20 Jul 1908  Nikola Pašić (3rd time)            (s.a.)               NRS

20 Jul 1908 - 24 Feb 1909  Petar Velimirović (2nd time)       (s.a.)               NRS

24 Feb 1909 - 24 Oct 1909  Stojan Novaković (2nd time)        (s.a.)               SNS

24 Oct 1909 -  7 Jul 1911  Nikola Pašić (4th time)            (s.a.)               NRS

 7 Jul 1911 -  1 Jul 1912  Milovan Milovanović                (b. 1863 - d. 1912)  NRS

 1 Jul 1912 - 12 Sep 1912  Marko Trifković                    (b. 1864 - d. 1928)  NRS

12 Sep 1912 -  1 Dec 1918  Nikola Pašić (5th time)            (s.a.)               NRS

                             (from Nov 1915 in Corfu, Greece exile)

President of the Council of Commissioners

30 Apr 1941 - 29 Aug 1941  Milan Aćimović                     (b. 1898 - d. 1946)  Non-party

President of the Ministerial Council (of the Serbian Government of National Salvation)

29 Aug 1941 - 10 Oct 1944  Milan Nedić                        (b. 1877 - d. 1946)  Mil

Chairman of the Board of Public Administration in Serbia

10 Oct 1944 - 20 Oct 1944  Ivan Petković                      (b. 1902 - d. 1972)  Non-party

Prime ministers

11 Feb 1991 - 23 Dec 1991  Dragutin Zelenović                 (b. 1928)            SPS

23 Dec 1991 - 10 Feb 1993  Radoman Božović                    (b. 1953)            SPS

10 Feb 1993 - 18 Mar 1994  Nikola Šainović                    (b. 1948)            SPS

18 Mar 1994 - 24 Oct 2000  Mirko Marjanović                   (b. 1937 - d. 2006)  SPS

24 Oct 2000 - 25 Jan 2001  Milomir Minić                      (b. 1950)            SPS

- deputy prime ministers (de facto co-prime ministers) -

24 Oct 2000 - 25 Jan 2001  Nebojša Čović (acting)             (b. 1958)            DA

                           + Spasoje Krunić (acting)          (b. 1939)            SPO

Prime ministers

25 Jan 2001 - 12 Mar 2003  Zoran Đinđić (Djindjić)            (b. 1952 - d. 2003)  DS

12 Mar 2003 - 16 Mar 2003  Nebojša Čović (acting)             (s.a.)               DA

17 Mar 2003 - 18 Mar 2003  Žarko Korać (acting)               (b. 1947)            SDP
18 Mar 2003 -  3 Mar 2004  Zoran Živković                     (b. 1960)            DS
 3 Mar 2004 -  7 Jul 2008  Vojislav Koštunica                 (b. 1944)            DSS
 7 Jul 2008 - 27 Jul 2012  Mirko Cvetković                    (b. 1950)            Non-party
27 Jul 2012 - 27 Apr 2014  Ivica Dačić                        (b. 1966)            SPS
27 Apr 2014 -              Aleksandar Vučić                   (b. 1970)            SNS


 ¹Style of the rulers:
(a) c.1186 - 1217: Velie Župani ("Grand Zupans");
(b) 1217 - 29 Oct 1321: Krali i Samodr'ž'ci vsěh Sr'bskih zeml' i Pomor'skih ("Kings and Emperors of all Serbian Lands and the Littoral");
(c) 29 Oct 1321 - 16 Apr 1346: Krali i Samodr'ž'ci vsěh Sr'bskih i Pomorskih zeml' ("Kings and Emperors of all Serbian and coastal states");
(d) 16 Apr 1346 - 1365: Kral' vsěm Sr'bljem ("King of the Serbs");
(e) 1365 - 17 May 1395: Krali ("Kings"); and 1365 - 17 May 1395 (in Priština): Gospodar Sr'blem i Podunaju ("Lord of the Serbs and the two banks of the Danube"); and 1365 - 17 May 1395 (in Velbužd): Despoti ("Despots");
(f) 1380 - Aug 1402 (in Směderevo): Knezovi Sr'blem i Podunavïju gospoda ("Princes of the Serbs and Lords of the two banks of the Danube");
(g) Aug 1402 - 1 Jun 1459: Gospodini Sr'bljem despoti ("Lords of the Serbs, Despots");
(h) 15 Feb 1804 - 25 Dec 1808: Vrhovni komandant ("Supreme Commander");
(i) 25 Dec 1808 - 22 Jan 1811: Vrhovni srpski predvoditelj ("Supreme Serbian Leader");
(j) 21 Nov 1815 - 6 Nov 1817: Vrhovni knez i predvoditelj naroda srpskog ("Prince and Supreme Leader of the Serbian People");
(k) 6 Nov 1817 - 10 Jun 1868: Knez Srpski ("Serbian Prince");
(l) 2 Jul 1868 - 6 Mar 1882 (New Style): Po milosti Božijoj i volji naroda Knez Srpski ("By the grace of God and the will of the people, Serbian Prince");
(m) 6 Mar 1882 - 1 Dec 1918 (New Style): Po milosti Božjoj i volji narodnoj Kralj Srbije
("By the grace of God and the will of the people, King of Serbia").

Territorial Disputes: Serbia with several other states protest the U.S. and other states' recognition of Kosovo's declaration of its status as a sovereign and independent state in Feb 2008; ethnic Serbian municipalities along Kosovo's northern border challenge final status of Kosovo-Serbia boundary; several thousand NATO-led Kosovo Force peacekeepers under United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo authority continue to keep the peace within Kosovo between the ethnic Albanian majority and the Serb minority in Kosovo; Serbia delimited about half of the boundary with Bosnia and Hercegovina, but sections along the Drina River remain in dispute.

1439                       Part of Ottoman Empire; part of Eyalet of Rumelia (see
                             under Bulgaria) as sanjak of Nish (Niş). 
Nov 1443 - 1448            Hungarian/Serbian occupation.
24 Sep 1689 -  8 Sep 1690  Austrian occupation.
Jul 1737 - 16 Oct 1737     Austrian occupation.
1864 - 1868                Part of Tuna (Danube) vilayet.  
1868 - 1878                Part of Prizren vilayet (see under Kosovo)
                             (briefly part of Novi Pazar vilayet 1871-1872).   
11 Jan 1878 - 13 Jul 1878  Occupied by Serbia.
13 Jul 1878                Annexed by Serbia.

Walis (governors) of Nish
24 Sep 1689 -  8 Sep 1690  Austrian occupation
 8 Sep 1690 - 1718         ....
1718 - Feb 1719            Mehmed Pasha
Feb 1719 - 1721            Abdullah Paha (1st time) 
1721 - Nov 1727            Osman Topal Pasha (1st time)
Nov 1727 - Nov 1730        Abdullah Pasha (2nd time)
Nov 1730 - Sep 1731        Hüseyin Pasha
Sep 1731 - Aug 1732        Mehmed Pasha
Aug 1732 - Aug 1733        Ismail Pasha
Aug 1733 - Aug 1734        Osman Topal Pasha (2nd time)
Aug 1734 - Apr 1735        Becir Pasha
Apr 1735 - Jul 1737        Abdullah Pasha (3rd time)
Jul 1737 - 16 Oct 1737     Austrian occupation
16 Oct 1735 - 1739?        Abdullah Pasha (4th time)
.... - 1805                Hafiz Pasha
1805 - 1839                ....
May 1839 - Oct 1839        Mehmed Vasif Pasha (1st time)      (d. 1865)
Oct 1839 - Mar 1840        Mirza Mehmed Said Pasha            (d. 1871)
Mar 1840 - Apr 1840        Köse Ahmed Pasha                   (d. 1841)
May 1840 - Sep 1844        Mustafa Sabri Pasha                (d. 1851)
Sep 1844 - Nov 1845        Hafiz Ahmed Pasha                  (d. 1853)
Dec 1845 - May 1850        Mehmed Vasif Pasha (2nd time)      (s.a.)
1852 - Jul 1852            Besim Pasha                        (d. 1858)
1852 - 1857                ....
1857 - 1858                Mehmed Vasif Pasha (3rd time)      (s.a.)
1859 - 1860                Zaymal Pasha
May 1860 - Feb 1861        Osman Pasha                        (d. 1878)
Feb 1861 - Aug 1864        Ahmed Shefik Midhat Pasha          (b. 1822 - d. 1883)
1864 - 12 May 1867         Süleyman Pasha
12 May 1867 - 1872         Abdurrahman Nureddin Pasha         (b. 1833 - d. 1912)
1872 - 1876                ....
 7 Jul 1876 - 1877         Mazhar Ahmed Pasha
1877 - 29 Dec 1877         Kürd Reshid Pasha                  (b. 1841 - d. ....)

31 Jan 1946                People's Republic of Serbia
 7 Apr 1963                Socialist Republic of Serbia

Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party
(from 1952, League of Communists)
1941 - 1948                Blagoje Nešković                  (b. 1907 - d. 1984)
1948 - Mar 1957            Petar Stambolić                   (b. 1912 - d. 2007)
Mar 1957 -  4 Nov 1966     Jovan Veselinov "Žarko"           (b. 1906 - d. 1982)
Chairmen of the Central Committee of the League of Communists
 4 Nov 1966 - Feb 1968     Dobrivoje Radosavljević           (b. 1915 - d. 1984)
Feb 1968 - Nov 1968        Petar Stambolić                   (s.a.)
Nov 1968 - 26 Oct 1972     Marko Nikezić                     (b. 1921 - d. 1991)
26 Oct 1972 - May 1982     Tihomir Vlaškalić                 (b. 1923 - d. 1993)
May 1982 - 17 May 1984     Dušan Čkrebić                     (b. 1927)
17 May 1984 - 1985         Radiša Gacić                      (b. 1938)
1985 - May 1986            Ivan Stambolić                    (b. 1936 - d. 2000)
May 1986 - 24 May 1989     Slobodan Milošević                (b. 1941 - d. 2006)
24 May 1989 - 16 Jul 1990  Bogdan Trifunović                 (b. 1933 - d. 2007)
 

Secretary-general of the Yugoslav Communist Party (KPJ)
(from 7 Nov 1952, League of Communists [SKJ])
Aug 1937 - 13 Aug 1964     Josip Broz Tito                     (b. 1892 - d. 1980)
Presidents of the Presidium of the League Yugoslav of Communists
13 Aug 1964 -  4 May 1980  Josip Broz Tito                     (s.a.)
19 Oct 1978 - 23 Oct 1979  Branko Mikulić                      (b. 1928 - d. 1995)
                             (acting for Tito)
23 Oct 1979 - 20 Oct 1980  Stevan Doronjski                    (b. 1919 - d. 1981)
                             (acting for Tito to 4 May 1980)
20 Oct 1980 - 20 Oct 1981  Lazar Mojsov                        (b. 1920 - d. 2011)
20 Oct 1981 - 29 Jun 1982  Dušan Dragosavac                    (b. 1919)
29 Jun 1982 - 30 Jun 1983  Mitja Ribičič                       (b. 1919 - d. 2013)
30 Jun 1983 - 26 Jun 1984  Dragoslav Marković                  (b. 1920 - d. 2005)
26 Jun 1984 - 25 Jun 1985  Ali Šukrija                         (b. 1919 - d. 2005)
25 Jun 1985 - 28 Jun 1986  Vidoje Žarković                     (b. 1927 - d. 2000)
28 Jun 1986 - 30 Jun 1987  Milanko Renovica                    (b. 1928 - d. 2013)
30 Jun 1987 - 30 Jun 1988  Boško Krunić                        (b. 1929)
30 Jun 1988 - 17 May 1989  Stipe Šuvar                         (b. 1936 - d. 2004)
17 May 1989 - 17 May 1990  Milan Pancevski                     (b. 1935)
17 May 1990 - 26 May 1990  Miomir Grbović (acting)

Kings¹

 1 Dec 1918 - 16 Aug 1921  Petar I (Peter I)                   (b. 1844 - d. 1921)

 1 Dec 1918 - 16 Aug 1921  Prince Aleksandar Karađorđević      (b. 1888 - d. 1934)

                             (Karadjordjević) -Regent

16 Aug 1921 -  9 Oct 1934  Aleksandar I (Alexander I)          (s.a.)

 9 Oct 1934 - 29 Nov 1945  Petar II (Peter II)                 (b. 1923 - d. 1970)

                             (in London [Oct 1943 - Mar 1944, Cairo] exile
                             from 12/13 Apr 1941)

 9 Oct 1934 - 11 Oct 1934  Nikola T. Uzunović -Regent          (b. 1873 - d. 1954)  JNS

11 Oct 1934 - 27 Mar 1941  Provisional Regency

                           - Prince Pavle Karađorđević         (b. 1893 - d. 1976)  Non-party 

                              (Karadjordjević)

                              (from Dec 1940, self-styled Vozd [Leader])

                           - Radenko Stanković                 (b. 1880 - d. 1956)  Non-party

                           - Ivo N. Perović                    (b. 1881 - d. 1958)  Non-party

15 Apr 1941 - 17 Apr 1941  Danilo Kalafatović -Regent (acting) (b. 1875 - d. 1946)  Mil   

 5 Mar 1945 - 29 Nov 1945  Provisional Regency

                           - Srđan "Sasha" Budisavljević       (b. 1883 - d. 1968)  Non-party

                              (Srdjan Budisavljević)    

                           - Dušan Sernec                      (b. 1882 - d. 1952)  Non-party

                           - Ante Mandić                       (b. 1881 - d. 1959)  Non-party

President of the Anti-Fascist Council of National Liberation of Yugoslavia

26 Nov 1942 -  4 Dec 1943  Ivan Ribar                          (b. 1881 - d. 1968)  KPJ

                             (in opposition to royal government in exile) 

Chairman of the Presidium of the Provisional People's Assembly

 4 Dec 1943 - 29 Nov 1945  Ivan Ribar                          (s.a.)               KPJ

Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly

29 Nov 1945 -  1 Dec 1945  Josip Vidmar                        (b. 1895 - d. 1992)  NF

Chairman of the Presidium of the Federal Assembly

29 Nov 1945 -  1 Dec 1945  Vladimir Simić                      (b. 1894 - d. 1974)  NF

Chairman of the Presidium of the Constituent Assembly

 1 Dec 1945 - 31 Jan 1946  Ivan Ribar                          (s.a.)               KPJ

Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly

31 Jan 1946 - 14 Jan 1953  Ivan Ribar                          (s.a.)             KPJ;1952 SKJ

President

14 Jan 1953 -  4 May 1980  Josip Broz Tito                     (s.a.)               SKJ

Presidents of the Collective Presidency

 4 May 1980 - 14 May 1980  Lazar Panev Koliševski              (b. 1914 - d. 2000)  SKJ

15 May 1980 - 15 May 1981  Cvijetin Mijatović                  (b. 1913 - d. 1993)  SKJ

16 May 1981 - 15 May 1982  Sergej Kraigher                     (b. 1914 - d. 2001)  SKJ

16 May 1982 - 15 May 1983  Petar Stambolić                     (b. 1912 - d. 2007)  SKJ

16 May 1983 - 16 May 1984  Mika Špiljak                        (b. 1916 - d. 2007)  SKJ

16 May 1984 - 15 May 1985  Veselin Đuranović (Djuranović)      (b. 1925 - d. 1997)  SKJ

16 May 1985 - 15 May 1986  Radovan Vlajković                   (b. 1924 - d. 2001)  SKJ

16 May 1986 - 15 May 1987  Sinan Hasani                        (b. 1922 - d. 2010)  SKJ

16 May 1987 - 15 May 1988  Lazar Mojsov                        (s.a.)               SKJ

16 May 1988 - 15 May 1989  Raif Dizdarević                     (b. 1926)            SKJ

16 May 1989 - 15 May 1990  Janez Drnovšek                      (b. 1950 - d. 2008)  SKJ 

16 May 1990 - 15 May 1991  Borisav Jović                       (b. 1928)            SPS

16 May 1991 -  1 Jul 1991  Vacant²

 1 Jul 1991 -  5 Dec 1991  Stjepan "Stipe" Mesić³              (b. 1934)            HDZ

 5 Dec 1991 - 15 Jun 1992  Branko Kostić (acting)              (b. 1939)            DPS

Presidents

15 Jun 1992 -  1 Jun 1993  Dobrica Ćosić                       (b. 1921 - d. 2014)  Non-party

 1 Jun 1993 - 25 Jun 1993  Miloš Radulović (acting)            (b. 1929)            DPS

25 Jun 1993 - 25 Jun 1997  Zoran Lilić                         (b. 1953)            SPS

25 Jun 1997 - 23 Jul 1997  Srdja Bozović (acting)              (b. 1955)            DPS

23 Jul 1997 -  7 Oct 2000  Slobodan Milosević                  (b. 1941 - d. 2006)  SPS

 7 Oct 2000 -  7 Mar 2003  Vojislav Koštunica                  (b. 1944)            DSS + DOS 

 7 Mar 2003 -  4 Jun 2006  Svetozar Marović                    (b. 1955)            DPS

 

Prime ministers

 1 Dec 1918 - 22 Dec 1918  Nikola Petrov Pašić (1st time)      (b. 1845 - d. 1926)  NRS

22 Dec 1918 - 16 Aug 1919  Stojan M. Protić (1st time)         (b. 1857 - d. 1923)  NRS

16 Aug 1919 - 19 Feb 1920  Ljubomir Davidović (1st time)       (b. 1863 - d. 1940)  DS

19 Feb 1920 - 16 May 1920  Stojan M. Protić (2nd time)         (s.a.)               NRS

16 May 1920 -  1 Jan 1921  Milenko Radoslavljev Vesnić         (b. 1863 - d. 1921)  NRS

 1 Jan 1921 - 27 Jul 1924  Nikola Petrov Pašić (2nd time)      (s.a.)               NRS

27 Jul 1924 -  6 Nov 1924  Ljubomir Davidović (2nd time)       (s.a.)               DS

 6 Nov 1924 -  8 Apr 1926  Nikola Petrov Pašić (3rd time)      (s.a.)               NRS

 8 Apr 1926 - 17 Apr 1927  Nikola T. Uzunović (1st time)       (s.a.)               NRS

17 Apr 1927 - 27 Jul 1928  Velimir Vukićević                   (b. 1871 - d. 1930)  NRS

27 Jul 1928 -  6 Jan 1929  Antun Korošec                       (b. 1872 - d. 1940)  SLS 

 6 Jan 1929 -  4 Apr 1932  Petar Rakov Živković                (b. 1879 - d. 1953)  Mil

 4 Apr 1932 -  3 Jul 1932  Vojislav Marinković                 (b. 1876 - d. 1935)  DS

 3 Jul 1932 - 27 Jan 1934  Milan Srškić                        (b. 1880 - d. 1937)JRSD;1933JNS

27 Jan 1934 - 21 Dec 1934  Nikola T. Uzunović (2nd time)       (s.a.)               JNS

21 Dec 1934 - 24 Jun 1935  Bogoljub D. Jevtić                  (b. 1886 - d. 1960)  JNS

24 Jun 1935 -  5 Feb 1939  Milan Mihailov Stojadinović         (b. 1888 - d. 1961)  JRZ

 5 Feb 1939 - 27 Mar 1941  Dragiša Jovanov Cvetković           (b. 1893 - d. 1969)JRZ;1939 SRS

27 Mar 1941 - 11 Jan 1942  Dušan T. Simović                    (b. 1882 - d. 1962)  Mil

                             (in Greece 15-28 Apr 1941, Palestine 28 Apr - Jun 1941,

                             and from Jun 1941 London exile)

11 Jan 1942 - 26 Jun 1943  Slobodan Vladimirov Jovanović       (b. 1869 - d. 1958)  Non-party

                             (in exile in London)

26 Jun 1943 - 10 Aug 1943  Miloš Trifunović                    (b. 1871 - d. 1957)  SRS

                             (in London exile)

10 Aug 1943 -  1 Jun 1944  Božidar Purić                       (b. 1891 - d. 1977)  Non-party

                             (in London [Cairo Sep 1943 - Mar 1944] exile)

 1 Jun 1944 -  7 Mar 1945  Ivan Šubašić                        (b. 1892 - d. 1955)  HSS

                             (in exile in London)
Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Anti-Fascist Council of

National Liberation of Yugoslavia

27 Nov 1942 - 30 Nov 1943  Ivan Ribar                          (s.a.)               KPJ

                             (in opposition to royal government in exile)

President of the National Committee of National Liberation of Yugoslavia

30 Nov 1943 -  7 Mar 1945  Josip Broz Tito                     (s.a.)               KPJ

                             (in opposition to royal government in exile)

Prime minister (president of the ministerial council to 1 Feb 1946)

 7 Mar 1945 - 14 Jan 1953  Josip Broz Tito                     (s.a.)             KPJ;1952 SKJ

Presidents of the Federal Executive Council (Premiers)

14 Jan 1953 - 30 Jun 1963  Josip Broz Tito                     (s.a.)               SKJ

30 Jun 1963 - 19 May 1967  Petar Stambolić                     (s.a.)               SKJ

19 May 1967 - 18 May 1969  Mika Špiljak                        (s.a.)               SKJ

18 May 1969 - 30 Jul 1971  Mitja Ribičič                       (s.a.)               SKJ

30 Jul 1971 - 18 Jan 1977  Džemal Bijedić                      (b. 1917 - d. 1977)  SKJ

18 Jan 1977 - 15 Mar 1977  Dobroslav Ćulafić                   (b. 1926 - d. 2011)  SKJ   

                           + Miloš Minić                       (b. 1914 - d. 2003)  SKJ  

                           + Berislav Šefer                    (b. 1926)            SKJ   

                           + Anton Vratuša                     (b. 1915)            SKJ

                           (acting)

15 Mar 1977 - 16 May 1982  Veselin Đuranović (Djuranović)      (s.a.)               SKJ

16 May 1982 - 16 May 1986  Milka Planinc (f)                   (b. 1924 - d. 2010)  SKJ

16 May 1986 - 16 Mar 1989  Branko Mikulić                      (s.a.)               SKJ

30 Dec 1988 - 16 Mar 1989  Miloš Milosavlević                                       SKJ

                           + Janez Zemljarič                   (b. 1928)            SKJ

                           (acting for Mikulić)

16 Mar 1989 - 14 Jul 1992  Ante Marković                       (b. 1924 - d. 2011) SKJ;1990 SR

20 Dec 1991 - 14 Jul 1992  Aleksandar Mitrović                 (b. 1933 - d. 2012)  SPS

                        (acting for Marković)

Prime ministers⁴

14 Jul 1992 -  2 Mar 1993  Milan Panić                         (b. 1929)            Non-party

 2 Mar 1993 - 20 May 1998  Radoje Kontić                       (b. 1937)            DPS

20 May 1998 -  4 Nov 2000  Momir Bulatović                     (b. 1956)            SNP

 4 Nov 2000 - 24 Jul 2001  Zoran Žižić                         (b. 1951 - d. 2013)  SNP

24 Jul 2001 - 17 Mar 2003  Dragiša Pešić                       (b. 1954)            SNP

17 Mar 2003 -  5 Jun 2006  Post abolished

 

Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Yugoslav Army of the Interior
May 1941 - May 1945         Dragoljub "Draža" Mihailović       (b. 1893 - d. 1946)  Mil

Yugoslav Communist Resistance

Chairman of the General Staff of the People's Partisan Detachments
27 Jun 1941 - 21 Dec 1945  Josip Broz Tito                     (s.a.)               Mil/KPJ

 ¹Full style of the ruler:
(a) 1 Dec 1918 -  4 Oct 1929: Po milosti Božjoj i volji Narodnoj Kralj Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca ("By the Grace of God and will of the people, King of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes");
(b) 4 Oct 1929 - 29 Nov 1945: Po milosti Božjoj i volji Narodnoj Kralj Jugoslavije ("By the Grace of God and will of the people, King of Yugoslavia").

  ²members of the Presidency during this interval were Borisav Jović (s.a.); Stipe Mesić
(s.a.); Momir Bulatović (s.a.)(to 16 May 1991); Branko Kostić (s.a.)(from 16 May 1991); Jugoslav Kostić (b. 1939); Vukašin Jokanović (b. 1939)(to 16 May 1991); Sejdo Bajramović 
(b. 1927 - d. 1993)(from 16 May 1991); Vasil Tupurkovski (b. 1951); Bogic Bogicević (b. 1953); and Janez Drnovšek (s.a.). On 17 May 1991, Bajramović was elected Coordinator of the Presidency.

 ³claims the assumption of the presidency on 20 May 1991, retroactively effective from 16 May 1991. Representation of Croatia by Mesić (s.a.) in the presidency formally terminated by the resolution of the Croatian parliament of 5 Dec 1991 (retroactively effective from 8 Oct 1991).

 ⁴the government of the Republic of Montenegro did not recognize the federal Prime ministers
19 May 1998 - 4 Feb 2003.

Territorial Disputes (2001-2006): Kosovo remains unresolved and administered by several thousand peacekeepers from the UN Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) since 1999, with Kosovar Albanians overwhelmingly supporting and Serbian officials opposing Kosovo independence; the international community had agreed to begin a process to determine final status but contingency of solidifying multi-ethnic democracy in Kosovo has not been satisfied; ethnic Albanians in Kosovo refuse demarcation of the boundary with Macedonia in accordance with the 2000 Macedonia-Serbia and Montenegro delimitation agreement; Serbia and Montenegro have delimited about half of the boundary with Bosnia and Herzegovina, but sections along the Drina River remain in dispute. 

Former Yugoslavia Territorial Disputes: Kosovo question with Albania; until 1993, Macedonia question with Bulgaria and Greece.

Party abbreviations: DPS = Demokratska Partija Socijalista Crne Gore (Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro, social-democratic, former SKGC, est.1991); DSS = Demokratska Stranka Srbije (Democratic Party of Serbia, conservative, founded by splinters of DS on 26 Jul 1992); SNP = Socijalistička Narodna Partija Crne Gore (Socialist People's Party of Montenegro, center-left, social democratic, Serbia - Montenegro unionist, split from DPS, est.1998); SPS = Socijalisticka Partija Srbije (Socialist Party of Serbia, socialist, authoritarian 1990-2000, former SKS, est.27 Jul 1990); SRS = Srpska Radikalna Stranka (Serbian Radical Party, nationalist, right-wing populist, 1940-1945, re-est.23 Feb 1991); Mil = Military;
- Former parties: DOS = Demokratska Opozicija Srbije (Democratic Opposition of Serbia, wide alliance of democratic anti-SPS political parties, 2000-17 Nov 2003); DS = Demokratska Stranka (Democratic Party, centrist 1919-1945, social democratic, re-est.3 Feb 1990); HSS = Hrvatska Seljačka Stranka (Croatian People's Party, agrarian, christian democratic, 1904-1929, re-est.1989); HDZ = Hrvatska Demokratska Zajednica (Croatian Democratic Union, Croatian nationalist, conservative, est.1989); JNS = Jugoslovenska Nacionalna Stranka (Yugoslav National Party, regime party 1933-35, former JRSD, 1933-1941); JRSD = Jugoslovenska Radikalna Seljačka Demokratija (Yugoslav Radical Peasants' Democracy, regime party, May 1932-Jun 1933, renamed JNS); JRZ = Jugoslovenska Radikalna Zajednica (Yugoslav Radical Union, fascist, regime party, 1934-1939); KPJ = Komunistička Partija Jugoslavije (Communist Party of Yugoslavia, communist, authoritarian, 1919-1952, then SKJ); ND = Nova Demokratija (New Democracy, liberal, split from SPS, 1990-1998, merged into DSS); NRS = Narodna Radikalna Stranka (People's Radical Party, 1881-1945); NF = Narodni Front Jugoslavije (People's Front of Yugoslavia, leftist anti-Fascist, 1944-1953); SKJ = Savez Komunista Jugoslavije (League of Yugoslav Communists, communist, authoritarian, former KPJ, 1952-1990); SLS = Slovenska Ljudska Stranka (Slovenian People's Party, center-right, 1905-1945, re-est.1988); SNSS = Srpska Narodna Samostalna Stranka (Serbian National Independent Party, 1903-1919, then DS); SR = Savez Reformskih Snaga Jugoslavije (Union of Reform Forces, reformist, Ante Marković personalist, est.Jul 1990)

For the individual Socialist Republics of Yugoslaiva from 1945 to 1990 please see the listings under, the 
individual countries:

Bosnia-Hercegovina	Croatia	Macedonia
Montenegro	Serbia	Slovenia