Office of the Leading Group of the State Council for the Second National Agricultural Census
National Bureau of Statistics 

February 25, 2008

The Second National Agricultural Census conducted surveys on the infrastructure construction and basic social services of all 34,756 towns and townships, and 637,011 villages in China. Now the results are published as follows:

I. Transportation

At the end of 2006, the proportion of towns and townships with railway stations, docks, and highways above second class in local areas respectively accounted for 9.6, 8.9 and 46.1 percent of the total numbers. That of driving distance between town and township governments to the counties within an hour seized 78.1 percent, while that of the distance of entrance and exit to the first-class highway or expressway within 50 kilometers occupied 61.3 percent.

Table 1 Composition of towns and townships with means of transportation

	National Total	Eastern Region	Central Region	Western Region	Northeastern Region
Towns and townships having railway stations	9.6	8.1	10.2	8.2	21.1
Towns and townships having docks	8.9	13.8	9.4	6.8	3.0
Towns and townships having highways or expressways above second class	46.1	65.9	52.0	29.9	53.6
Distance of entrance and exit to the first-class highway or expressway within 50 km	61.3	82.0	69.1	44.4	63.2
Driving distance between town and township governments to the counties within an hour	78.1	91.7	85.1	64.5	87.1

At the end of 2006, the proportion of villages and natural villageshaving accessed to the highways  occupied respectively 95.5 and 82.6 percent, and that of having railway stations and docks in local areas took 25.0 percent. Most roads entered into the villages were cement pavement, and that of roads inside the villages were sand-gravel pavement.

Table 2 Composition of villages with means of transportation

	National Total	Eastern Region	Central Region	Western Region	Northeastern Region
Villages having accessed to the highways	95.5	98.2	96.1	91.2	98.1
Natural villages having accessed to the highways	82.6	89.9	81.1	78.0	92.7
By distance of the village and the nearest station & dock
Stations and docks inside villages	25.0	29.0	21.9	19.9	45.5
1-3 km	45.2	52.1	48.4	34.8	36.9
4-5 km	11.5	9.1	13.4	13.4	6.9
6-10 km	10.3	6.7	10.7	15.1	6.9
11-20 km	5.2	2.5	4.3	9.5	2.8
20 km above	2.8	0.6	1.3	7.3	1.0
By type of highway’s pavement entered into the villages
Cement pavement	35.2	51.8	37.1	14.1	25.1
Blacktop pavement	26.3	32.8	26.7	16.4	34.9
Sand-gravel pavement	25.7	10.8	26.3	42.7	32.7
Brick and flagging pavement	1.1	1.2	1.1	0.6	2.4
Other pavements	11.7	3.4	8.8	26.2	4.9
By type of primary road pavement inside villages
Cement pavement	27.7	44.0	26.4	10.6	15.6
Blacktop pavement	11.1	16.5	11.0	4.3	13.0
Sand-gravel pavement	35.7	24.1	38.9	43.5	57.0
Brick and flagging pavement	2.7	3.9	2.7	1.1	2.6
Other pavements	22.8	11.5	21.0	40.5	11.8
Villages with streetlights inside	21.8	44.5	13.0	4.0	10.9

II. Electricity and communication

At the end of 2006, the proportion of towns and townships finished grid modification occupied 81.9 percent, that of villages and natural villages having accessed to electricity  occupied 98.7 and 98.3 percent; that of villages and natural villages having accessed to telephone  occupied 97.6 and 93.7 percent respectively; and that of 81.1 percent of towns and townships having post offices.

Table 3 Composition of towns and townships or villages with electricity and communication facilities

	National Total	Eastern Region	Central Region	Western Region	Northeastern Region
Towns and townships finished grid modification	81.9	96.8	87.7	67.2	97.6
Towns and townships with post offices	81.1	86.2	89.2	71.6	90.7
Villages having accessed to electricity	98.7	99.8	99.8	96.0	99.9
Villages having accessed to telephones	97.6	99.6	98.6	93.8	99.6
Natural villages having accessed to electricity	98.3	99.6	99.4	96.1	99.9
Natural villages having accessed to telephones	93.7	97.0	95.2	89.6	98.9

III. Culture and education

At the end of 2006, the proportion of towns and townships constructed vocational/technical schools, parks, and broadcasting and TV stations respectively occupied 10.8, 11.7 and 71.3 percent.

The proportion of primary schools established within 3 kilometers in the range of village was 87.6 percent, and that of secondary schools within 5 kilometers was 69.4 percent. There was 97.6 and 57.4 percent of that can receive TV programs and be installed cable TV, and 30.2, 10.7, 13.4 and 15.1 percent of that respectively established kindergartens and child-care centers, physical fitting places, reading rooms and cultural stations, and amateur cultural organizations.

Table 4 Composition of towns and townships with cultural and educational facilities

IV. Environmental sanitation

Of 19,391 towns in this census, 72.3 percent of that conducted concentrated water supply, 19.4 percent of that conducted living sewage concentrated processing, and 36.7 percent of that having garbage station.

24.5 percent of villages conducted purified drinking water concentrated processing, 15.8 percent of that implemented living sewage concentrated processing, and 20.6 percent of that had finished toilets modification.

Table 5 Composition of towns or villages with sanitation facilities

	National Total	Eastern Region	Central Region	Western Region	Northeastern Region
Towns conducted concentrated water supply	72.3	76.6	65.0	74.6	68.3
Towns conducted living sewage concentrated processing	19.4	25.7	17.3	16.7	12.9
Towns had garbage station	36.7	48.9	35.3	30.0	21.9
Villages conducted purified drinking water concentrated processing	24.5	47.4	9.4	11.7	20.3
Villages implemented living sewage concentrated processing	15.8	29.9	7.9	6.2	14.5
Village had firedamp pools	33.5	22.5	41.2	42.6	14.7
Villages finished toilets modification.	20.6	28.5	15.7	16.9	12.0

V. Medical and social welfare institute

At the end of 2006, the proportion of towns and townships constructed hospitals and health centers occupied 98.8 percent, and that of geracomiums accounted for 66.6 percent.

50.2 percent of villages had hospitals and sanitation centers within 3 kilometers, 74.3 percent of that having sanitation rooms, 76.1 percent of that having certificated doctors, and 16.3 percent of that having certificated midwives.

Table 6 Composition of towns and townships or villages with medical and social welfare institution and personnel

	National Total	Eastern Region	Central Region	Western Region	Northeastern Region
Hospitals and health centers constructed in villages	98.8	99.2	99.2	98.8	96.4
Geracomiums in villages	66.6	81.8	76.2	49.5	81.1
By distance of the villages and hospitals & health centers
Hospitals and health centers inside villages	7.2	7.0	6.7	7.8	7.4
1-3 km	43.0	51.8	43.1	34.1	29.8
4-5 km	21.0	21.3	22.9	18.5	22.4
6-10 km	19.3	15.5	19.9	22.0	29.0
11-20 km	7.5	3.9	6.2	12.8	9.7
20 km above	2.0	0.5	1.2	4.8	1.7
Sanitation rooms in villages	74.3	74.1	79.6	68.1	81.7
Certificated doctors in villages	76.1	75.9	80.8	68.9	91.5
Certificated midwives in villages	16.3	9.3	19.3	20.9	23.9

VI. Market construction

At the end of 2006, the proportion of towns and townships constructed aggregate markets, specialized markets and specialized agricultural product markets was respectively 68.4, 28.2 and 23.0 percent, 7.6 percent of towns and townships had specialized agricultural product markets with annual transaction volume more than 10 million yuan, and 88.4 percent of that having saving banks.

Villages owned aggregate stores or supermarkets above 50 square meters occupied 34.4 percent. Of that capability of buying fertilizers and TV sets inside the villages respectively took 50.2 and 5.2 percent.

Notes:

1.        Village: refers to the geographical jurisdiction of the village committee, and geographical jurisdiction of collectively owned agricultural land or agricultural household registration of the neighborhood committee.

2.        Village having accessed to highways: refer to highway access to the village from outside. Highway refers to the way that automobiles and tractors can drive on.

3.        Nearest distance of the  village and station or dock: refers to the distance between the local villagers’ committee and the nearest station or dock. The spots of regular or frequent coaches pass through, and with gesture of beckoning to the coach as also the location of the station.

4.        Village having accessd to electricity: refers to village that can do regular productions and living activities by the use of electricity.

5.        Village having accessed to telephone: refer to village that can communicate with outside by fixed telephones or mobile phones.

6.        Villages with sanitation rooms: refers to the area of local villages where established sanitation organs by villages collectivity or individual under the approval of administrative sanitation departments at county-level. The sanitation rooms have fixed site, engaging in medical activities, and taking management function; while excluding professional dentistry rooms, and units engaging in medicine sales.

7.        Village with the purified drinking water: refers to drinking water of the village committee households being purified, disinfected, and other treatment. The drinking water from the water plants treat as concentrated purification.

8.        Villages with collective wastes processing: refers to the area of local villages where garbage being processed collectively in facilities or the garbage disposed in a collective way without having such facilities.

9.        Villages completed toilets reconstruction: refers to the basically eliminated the open-air droppings jars, cesspit, aqua privies, simple latrines, most or all of the residents use the septic tanks, firedamp pools, or three-pools toilet in the local village, some residents use public toilets or other designated places of the village designated as a dumping waste sites.　

10.   Towns with concentrated water supply: refer to towns providing residents in the town area concentrated water supply through pipe system. The water quality must be in line with the state water or drinking water standards. If it does not conform to state water or drinking water standard, or relevant departments of the state water quality testing has not been identified as qualified, it would not be the concentrated water supply, although water in the form of concentrate.

11.   Towns with the living sewage processing: this refers to the living sewage of the residents of the town bring into the sewerage network and processing by the sewage plants.　　

12.   Towns with garbage station: refers to the town in the region have focused on the garbage, transit or drug-free treatment of the waste clean-up sites. Garbage station does not include storage of garbage only, but not to carry out any deal with the garbage dumps sites.　　

13.   Four regions: eastern region includes Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Shandong, Guangdong, Hainan. Central region covers Shanxi, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan. Western region includes Inner Mongolia, Guangxi, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang. Northeastern region covers Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang.