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acid

The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English | 2009
© The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English 2009, originally published by Oxford University Press 2009.

ac·id / ˈasid/ • n. a chemical substance that neutralizes alkalis, dissolves some metals, and turns litmus red; typically, a corrosive or sour-tasting liquid of this kind. Often contrasted with alkali or base1 . ∎ fig. bitter or cutting remarks or tone of voice. ∎  inf. the drug LSD. ∎ Chem. a molecule or other entity that can donate a proton or accept an electron pair in reactions. • adj. 1. containing acid or having the properties of an acid; in particular, having a pH of less than 7: poor, acid soils. Often contrasted with alkaline or basic. ∎  Geol. (of rock, esp. lava) containing a relatively high proportion of silica. ∎  Metallurgy relating to or denoting steelmaking processes involving silica-rich refractories and slags. 2. sharp-tasting or sour: acid fruit. ∎  (of a person's remarks or tone) bitter or cutting. ∎  (of a color) intense or bright: an acid green. DERIVATIVES: ac·id·y adj.

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acid

A Dictionary of Biology | 2004
© A Dictionary of Biology 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004.

acid A type of compound that contains hydrogen and dissociates in water to produce positive hydrogen ions. The reaction, for an acid HX, is commonly written: HX ↔ H+ + X–

In fact, the hydrogen ion (the proton) is hydrated, and the complete reaction is: HX + H2O ↔ H3O+ + X–

The ion H3O+ is the hydroxonium ion. The strength of an acid depends on the extent to which it dissociates: strong acids (e.g. sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid) are almost completely dissociated in water; weak acids (e.g. carbonic acid) are only partially dissociated. See also buffer; pH scale. Compare base.

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acid

A Dictionary of Ecology | 2004 |
© A Dictionary of Ecology 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004.

acid According to the Brønsted–Lowry theory (proposed in 1923 by both J. N. Brønsted in Copenhagen and T. M. Lowry in Cambridge, who were working independently of one another), a substance that in solution liberates hydrogen ions or protons. The Lewis theory (proposed by G. N. Lewis, also in 1923) states that it is a substance that acts as an electron-pair acceptor. An acid reacts with a base to give a salt and water (neutralization), and has a pH of less than 7.

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acid

World Encyclopedia | 2005
© World Encyclopedia 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005.

acid Chemical compound containing hydrogen that can be replaced by a metal or other positive ion to form a salt.

Acids dissociate in water to yield aqueous hydrogen ions (H+), thus acting as proton donors. The solutions are corrosive and have a pH below 7. Strong acids, such as sulphuric acid, are fully dissociated into ions, making good electrolytes that conduct electricity. Weak acids, such as ethanoic acid, only partially dissociate. See also base

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acid

A Dictionary of Zoology | 1999 |
© A Dictionary of Zoology 1999, originally published by Oxford University Press 1999.

acid According to the Brønsted–Lowry theory, a substance that in solution liberates hydrogen ions (protons). The Lewis theory states that it is a substance that acts as an electron-pair acceptor. An acid reacts with a base to give a salt and water (neutralization), and has a pH of less than 7.

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acid

A Dictionary of Earth Sciences | 1999 |
© A Dictionary of Earth Sciences 1999, originally published by Oxford University Press 1999.

acid According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory, a substance that in solution liberates hydrogen ions or protons. The Lewis theory states that it is a substance that acts as an electron-pair acceptor. An acid reacts with a base to give a salt and water (neutralization), and has a pH of less than 7.

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acid

A Dictionary of Plant Sciences | 1998 |
© A Dictionary of Plant Sciences 1998, originally published by Oxford University Press 1998.

acid According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory, a substance that in solution liberates hydrogen ions or protons. The Lewis theory states that it is a substance that acts as an electron-pair acceptor. An acid reacts with a base to give a salt and water (neutralization), and has a pH of less than 7.

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acid

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology | 1996 |
© The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology 1996, originally published by Oxford University Press 1996.

acid XVII. — F. acide or L. acidus, f. IE. *ak- be pointed or sharp, as in L. acēre be sharp, acus needle, etc.; see -ID1.
So acidity XVII. — F. — late L. acidulated XVIII. f. L. acidulus sourish (whence acidulous XVIII); see -ATE3.

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acid

A Dictionary of Nursing | 2008
© A Dictionary of Nursing 2008, originally published by Oxford University Press 2008.

acid (ass-id) n. a substance that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water, has a pH below 7 and turns litmus paper red, and reacts with a base to form a salt and water only. Compare base.

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acid

A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition | 2005 |
© A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005.

acid Chemically, compounds that dissociate (ionize) in water to give rise to hydrogen ions (H+); they taste sour. See also alkali; amino acids; buffers; esters; fatty acids; pH; salt.

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acid

Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes | 2007
© Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes 2007, originally published by Oxford University Press 2007.

acid •arid, married •Alfred • Manfred • acrid • Astrid •serried, unburied, viverrid •varied • sacred • hatred • mirid •Mildred • kindred • Wilfred • Ingrid •Winifred • hybrid •florid, forehead, horrid, torrid •storied • Mordred • putrid •hurried, unworried •unwearied • lurid • ascarid •unsalaried • liveried •Abbasid, acid, antacid, flaccid, Hasid, placid •alcid •rancid, unfancied •deuced, lucid, pellucid, Seleucid •cussed • cursed

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