Architectural Terms
Architrave - Term used to describe a moulded door or window frame. Art Deco - A style fashionable between the two world wars which relies on geometrical patterns and sleek lines. Art Nouveau - A style relying on flowing lines and sinuous forms, often based on nature and the human figure. Popular between 1890 and 1914. Arts and Crafts - Late 19th-century movement which emphasised the value of handicraft and good design as against mass-production. Ashlar - Smooth (dressed) stone blocks. Bar back - Shelving, often ornately treated and incorporating mirrors, at the rear of a servery. Also known as a back-fitment or (Scotland and Northern Ireland) a gantry. Batten board - Small strip of wood used, for example, to cover the joints between vertical siding. Board and batten - Vertical siding where wood strips (battens) hide the seams where other boards are joined. Brewers' Tudor - A style especially popular between the world wars which drew nostalgically on the half-timbered architecture of the Tudor period. |
Casement window - A window that opens by swinging inward or outward like a door. Casing - The trim bordering the inside or outside of a window or door. Clapboard - Tapered horizontal boards used as siding, thickest on their bottom edge; each overlaps the one below. Also known as weatherboarding. Clerestory window - A window placed in the upper walls of a room, usually at an angle, to provide extra light. Corbelling - Decorative projection along the top of a wall (or any moulded projection of similar form). Counter screen - Glazed screen on a serving counter, usually with a part that can be raised or lowered. Course - Continuous row of building materials, such as shingle, brick or stone. Dado - The lower part of a wall when faced or coloured differently from the upper part. Dado rail - A rail or moulding dividing the dado from the upper part. Dormer - The setting for a vertical window in a roof. Embossed glass - Glass with raised and recessed areas formed by etching and grinding. Faience - Blocks or slabs of earthenware, glazed after an initial firing. |
Fascia - A horizontal band or board, often used to conceal the ends of rafters. Inglenook - Corner of a large fireplace where the opening is far larger than needed and providing somewhere persons could sit. Jug and bottle - Small section of pub, with a separate entrance from the street, selling drink for consumption off the premises. Loggia - An arcaded space, roofed, but open on at least one side, typically overlooking a garden. Matchboarding - See tongued and grooved boarding. Moderne - Alternative term for Art Deco. Mullion - The vertical member separating window lights. Oriel window - Bay-window supported on a bracket. Pot-shelf - A shelf over a bar counter for housing glasses. Quarry tile - Floor tiles, usually red and black, in square or lozenge patterns. Rusticated stone - Stonework, sometimes roughly finished, distinguished by having the joints deeply sunk. Servery - The area, almost always behind a bar-counter, from which drinks are dispensed. Stillion - A fitting in the middle of a serving area with shelves and storage facilities; sometimes called a wagon. Terracotta - Very hard-wearing, unglazed pottery. Terrazzo - Flooring consisting of small pieces of marble set in concrete, rubbed down and polished. Tongue and groove boarding - Cheap panelling on walls and ceilings, consisting of boards with tongues cut along one edge and grooves on the other so that they overlap when joined. Veneer wall - Covering one wall construction with a second material to enhance its beauty. Wainscotting - Panelling applied to the lower part of a wall. |