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Ocean Energy
Ocean EnergyThe oceans contain a huge amount of energy. Changes in salinity, thermal gradients, tidal currents or ocean waves can be used to generate electricity using a range of different technologies. These could provide reliable, sustainable and cost-competitive energy. Capturing ocean energy could have substantial benefits.The energy in the ocean waves is a form of concentrated solar energy that is transferred through complex wind-wave interactions. The effects of earth’s temperature variation due to solar heating, combined with a multitude of atmospheric phenomena, generate wind currents in global scale. Ocean wave generation, propagation and direction are directly related to these wind currents. On the other hand, ocean tides are cyclic variations in seawater elevation and flow velocity as a direct result of the earth’s motion with respect to the moon and the sun and the interaction of their gravitational forces. A number of phenomena relating to earth rotational tilt, rate of spinning, and interaction among gravitational and rotational forces cause the tide conditions to vary significantly over time. Tide conditions are more apparent in coastal areas where constrained channels augment the water flow and increase the energy density. Ocean energy resources are contained in: (a) ocean waves & swells, (b) tidal range (rise & fall), (c) tidal currents, (d) ocean current, (e) ocean thermal energy and (f) salinity gradients
Tidal & Currents
Other renewable ocean resource concepts, such as hydrothermal vents, along with hybridization of the aforementioned schemes, are also being pursued. With the advent of various novel concepts and reported success of several deployments, the ocean renewable energy sector, especially the field of tidal current and wave energy conversion technology have gained significant attention throughout the world. Many technologies are also being explored for energy uses other than electricity generation, such as, producing drinking water through desalination, supplying compressed air for aquaculture, and hydrogen production by electrolysis. |
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