A toe jump from the back outside edge that lands on the same back outside edge. Creator: Bruce Mapes (USA)
Salchow
An edge jump from a back inside edge that lands on the back outside edge of the opposite foot. Creator: Ulrich Salchow (Sweden)
Loop
An edge jump from the back outside edge that lands on the same back outside edge. Creator: Werner Rittberger (Germany)
Flip
A toe jump from a back inside edge that lands on the back outside edge of the opposite foot.
Lutz
A toe jump from back outside edge that lands on the back outside edge of the opposite foot. Creator: Alois Lutz (Austria)
Axel
An edge jump from the forward outside edge that lands on the back outside edge of the opposite foot. The skater takes off from a forward position but lands backward. Creator: Axel Paulsen (Norway)