Nüshu (女书)

Nüshu is a syllabic script created and used exclusively by women in Jiangyong Prefecture, Hunan Province, China. The women were forbidden formal education for many centuries and developed the Nüshu script in order to communicate with one another. They embroidered the script into cloth and wrote it in books and on paper fans.

Nüshu was mainly used in the creation of San Chao Shu (三朝書) or "Third Day Missives", cloth-bound booklets created by mothers to give to their daughters upon their marriage, or by woman to give to their close female friends. The San Chao Shu contained songs written in the Nüshu script expressing hopes and sorrow, and was delivered on the third day after a woman's marriage.

The last proficient user of Nüshu, Yang Huanyi, died on 20th September 2004 at the age of 98. More details

Recently there has been a revival of interest in Nüshu and a number of women are studying it and using it again. More details

Notable features

The Nüshu script consists of between 1000 and 1500 characters.
Nüshu is written in vertical columns running from top to bottom and from right to left.
Many Nüshu characters are based on Chinese characters, while some are modelled on embroidery stitches and designs.
Nüshu characters represent pronunciation, unlike Chinese characters, which represent pronunciation and meaning.
Nüshu was taught to women by their mothers or grandmothers.