Historically & Geographically
Historical back ground of Umerkot
The name of Umerkot as reported by historians is behind the famous King Umer Soomro. On the other side it is also mentioned that the name of Town was behind the then ruler of Umerkot Rana Amer Singh and written as "Amerkot". Once, Umerkot was the capital of Greater Sindh (including some parts of present Rajasthan state of India). It became famous during the time of the Mughal Empire and during the British Raj. The great Mughal king Akbar was born in Umerkot when his father Humayun fled from Delhi due to military defeat at the hands of Sher Shah Suri. Rana Prasad, a Sodha Rajput ruler of Amerkot, gave refuge to Humayun. Akbar later became the King of Hindustan and was a popular figure among both Hindus and Muslims. A memorial at the birth place of King Akber has been erected in the west of Umerkot town. There is an ancient Fort famous for the folk story of Umer and Marvi.
Geographically
The district lies between 24-54 to 25-47 north longitudes and 69–11 and to 70–18 east longitudes. It is bordered in the north by Sanghar, in the west by Mirpurkhas and in the south-east by Tharparkar districts. The total area of the district is 5608 Square Kilometers. The District is geographically divided into two portions, the Irrigated portion in the west-north and the barony /desert portion in the north-east-south. It is administratively divided into four Talukas / Tehsils i.e. Umerkot, Kunri, Samaro, Pithoro it is furthur divided into 27 Union councials i.e. Umerkot-I, Umerkot-II, Fakir Abdullah, Khejrari, Kaplore, Kharoro Syed, Khokhrapar, Chhore, Sabho, Dhoronaro, K.S. Atta Mohammed Palli, Mir Wali Mohammed Talpur, Pithoro, Shah Mardan Shah, Shadi Pali, Samro, Samro Road, Satryoon, Arahro Bhurghri, Padhrio Farm, Kunri, Kunri Memon, Bustan, Sher Khan Chandio, Talhi, Nabisar, Chhajjro.
Climate
Umerkot lies in subtropical region of Sindh; it is hot in the summer and cold in winter. Temperatures frequently rise above 40°C between May and august and the minimum average temperature of 6°C during December and January. The annual rainfall averages about 16 cm, falling mainly during July and August. The southwesterly wind begins to blow in March and continues until the end of October, whereas the cool northerly wind blows during the winter months from November to Mid-February. This region faces the southwest monsoon winds from the Indian Ocean and escapes its influence in the shape of rainfall. The air is generally dry.
Population
The average annual growth rate of population in 1981 to 1998 has declined to 3.28 percent from 4.42 percent during intercensual period 1972 to 1981. Graph shows the population growth from 1951 to 1998.
Birth Place of Akber
The great Mughal King Akber was born in Umarkot when his father Humayun lost the battle against Sher Shah Suri and was on the run. Akbar later became the King of Hindustan and was a popular figure among both the Hindus and the Muslims. Akbar's birthplace is amongst significant places of Umarkot.