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Race
Race is a self-identification data item in which respondents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify.
For Census 2000:
In 1997, after a lengthy analysis and public comment period, the Federal Office of Management and Budget (OMB) revised the standards for how the Federal government would collect and present data on race and ethnicity. The new guidelines reflect "the increasing diversity of our Nation's population, stemming from growth in interracial marriages and immigration."
These new guidelines revised some of the racial categories used in 1990 and preceding censuses and allowed respondents to report as many race categories as were necessary to identify themselves on the Census 2000 questionnaire.
How the new guidelines affect Census 2000 results and the comparison with data from 1990:
Census 2000 race data are not directly comparable with data from 1990 and previous censuses. See the Census 2000 Brief, "Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin".
Race Alone categories (6):
Includes the minimum 5 race categories required by OMB, plus the 'some other race alone' included by the Census Bureau for Census 2000, with the approval of OMB.
White alone
Black or African-American alone
American Indian or Alaska Native alone
Asian alone
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander alone
Some other race alone
Race Alone or in combination categories (63):
There will be other tabulations where 'race alone or in combination' will be shown. These tabulations include not only persons who marked only one race (the 'race alone' category) but also those who marked that race and at least one other race. For example, a person who indicated that she was of Filipino and African-American background would be included in the African-American alone or in combination count, as well as in the Asian alone or in combination count. The alone or in combination totals are tallies of responses, rather than respondents. So the sum of the race alone or in combination will add to more than the total population.
Some tabulations will show the number of persons who checked 'two or more races'.
In some tables, including the first release of Census 2000 information, data will be tabulated for 63 possible combinations of race:
6 race alone categories
15 categories of 2 races (e.g., White and African American, White and Asian, etc.)
20 categories of 3 races
15 categories of 4 races
6 categories of 5 races
1 category of 6 races
=63 possible combinations
Some tables will show data for 7 race categories: the 6 (mutually-exclusive) major race-alone categories (White, African-American, American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, and some other race) and a 'two or more races' category. The sum of these 7 categories will add to 100 percent of the population.
Related terms: Alaska Native race/ethnic categories, American Indian tribe/Selected American Indian categories, Asian, Ethnic groups, Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander race and ethnic categories, Spanish/Hispanic/Latino
Rank
An array or list of values placed in numeric order.
For American Community Survey Ranking Tables:
The ordering provided by the "Rank" column is based only on the rounded value of the estimates and does not incorporate the margin of error. A difference in ranks between two states does not mean that the estimates are statistically different, or that one is higher than the other. Please use the "with statistical significance" version of the table to determine whether two estimates can be said to be statistically different.
Rate
This is a measure of occurrences in a given period of time divided by the possible number of occurrences during that period.
Ratio
This is a measure of the relative size of one number to a second number expressed as the quotient of the first number divided by the second.
Reapportionment
The redistribution of seats in the U.S. House of Representatives among the several states on the basis of the most recent decennial census as required by Article 1, section 2 of the Constitution. Reapportionment does not affect Puerto Rico.
Related term: Apportionment
Redistricting
The process of revising the geographic boundaries of areas from which people elect representatives to the U.S. Congress, a state legislature, a county or city council, a school board, and the like, to meet the legal requirement that such areas be as equal in population as possible following a census.
Related terms: Apportionment, Voting District (VTD)
Redistricting Data Program
A decennial census program that permits state officials to identify selected map features they want as block boundaries and specific areas, such as voting districts, for which they need census data.
Related term: Voting district (VTD)
Reference map
A map that shows selected geographic boundaries with identifiers along with selected features of a geographic area.
Region
Four groupings of states (Northeast, South, Midwest, and West) established by the Census Bureau in 1942 for the presentation of census data.
Northeast Region: Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania
South Region: Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas
Midwest Region: North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Missouri, Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, Ohio
West Region: Washington, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Oregon, California, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico, Alaska, Hawaii
Puerto Rico and the Island areas are not part of any region.
Related term: Division
Related children
Includes all people in a household under the age of 18, regardless of marital status, who are related to the householder. Does not include householder's spouse or foster children, regardless of age.
Related terms: Child, Own children
Remainder
The portion of a geographic area of one geographic type (e.g., a county subdivision) which is not covered by any geographic area of a second geographic type (e.g., place). For example, the two places of Oak Ridge town and Old Appleton town exist within the county subdivision of Apple Creek township in Cape Girardeau County, Missouri, That portion of Apple Creek township that is not covered by either place is called "Remainder of Apple Creek township".
Rental vacancy rate
The proportion of the rental inventory which is vacant for rent. It is computed by dividing the number of vacant units for rent by the sum of the renter-occupied units and the number of vacant units for rent, and then multiplying by 100.
Related term: Homeowner vacancy rate, Renter-occupied housing unit
Renter-occupied housing unit
All occupied units which are not owner occupied, whether they are rented for cash rent or occupied without payment of cash rent, are classified as renter-occupied.
Related term: Owner-occupied housing unit
Resales
In the Economic Census, this term refers to direct charges actually paid or payable for items consumed or put into production during the year, including freight charges and other direct charges incurred by the establishment in acquiring these items. It includes the cost of these items whether purchased by the individual establishment from other companies, transferred to it from other establishments of the same company, or withdrawn from inventory during the year. Included are items charged to both current and capital accounts. Included in this item are:
- Costs of supplies used, minerals received for preparation, and purchased machinery installed. Includes all major supplies that were important parts of the cost of production, exploration, and development of a particular industry. Also included are all new and used machinery, equipment, and parts installed whether purchased or received from other establishments of the same company.
- Cost of products bought and sold in the same condition.
- Cost of purchased fuels consumed for heat, power, or the generation of electricity. Includes the cost of fuels consumed, whether purchased by the individual establishment from other companies, transferred to it from other establishments of the same company, or withdrawn from inventory during the year.
- Cost of purchased electricity. The cost of purchased electric energy represents the amount actually used during the year for heat and power. In addition, information was collected on the quantity of electric energy purchased and also the quantity of electric energy generated by the establishment and the quantity of electric energy sold or transferred to other establishments of the same company.
- Cost of contract work. This term applies to the cost of all work done for an establishment by others. It includes payments for supplies and equipment furnished by the contractor incidental to the contract work, and cost of services performed by others in the operation or development of the establishment. The term “Contract Work” refers to the fee a company pays to another company to perform a service. It excludes payments to miners paid on a per ton, car, yard, or footage basis. Also excluded are payments to suppliers who mined for their own account on property owned or leased by them and who paid royalties either directly or indirectly on the minerals mined.
Residence 5 years ago
Indicates the area of residence 5 years prior to the reference date for those who reported that they lived in a different housing unit.
Related term: Migration
Resident population
Resident population of the United States includes persons resident in the 50 States and the District of Columbia. It excludes residents of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and residents of the island areas under United States sovereignty or jurisdiction (principally American Samoa, Guam, Virgin Islands of the United States, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands). A resident of a specific area for Census 2000 is defined as a person "usually resident" in that area. Resident population excludes the United States Armed Forces overseas, as well as civilian United States citizens whose usual place of residence is outside the United States.
Related terms: Apportionment population, Population
Respondent
The person supplying survey or census information about his or her living quarters and its occupants.
Response coverage ratio
In the Economic Census Manufacturing Sector, a response coverage ratio is a measure of the extent to which respondents report for an item. The estimate is made by calculating the ratio value of the weighted total employment data for all the Annual Survey of Manufactures (ASM) establishments that report the item to the weighted total employment data for all ASM establishments classified in an industry (reporters and non-reporters).
Revenue
In the Economic Census, this term includes receipts from all business activities whether or not payment was received in the census year. Revenue does not include sales and other taxes (including Hawaii's General Excise Tax) collected from customers and paid directly by the firm to a local, state, or federal tax agency.
Rural
Territory, population and housing units not classified as urban. "Rural" classification cuts across other hierarchies and can be in metropolitan or non-metropolitan areas.
Related terms: Metropolitan, Urban
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