James Martin (author)
James Martin (1933) is a British Information Technology consultant and author, who was nominated for a Pulitzer prize[1] for his book, The Wired Society: A Challenge for Tomorrow (1977).
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[edit] Biography
James Martin was born in 1933 in Ashby-de-la-Zouch, England. He earned a degree in physics at the Keble College, Oxford. He was awarded an honorary DSc by Warwick University in July 2009.
Martin joined IBM in 1959, and since the 1980s established several IT consultancy firms. Starting in 1981 with Dixon Doll and Tony Carter he established DMW (Doll Martin Worldwide) in London, UK, which was later renamed James Martin Associates (JMA), which was (partly) bought by Texas Instruments Software in 1991. He later co-founded Database Design Inc. (DDI), also in Ann Arbor, to promulgate his database design techniques and to develop tools to help implement them. After becoming the market leader in Information Engineering software, DDI was renamed KnowledgeWare and eventually purchased by Fran Tarkenton, who took it public.
He lives on his own private island, Agar’s Island, in Bermuda. According to Computerworld’s 25th anniversary issue, he was ranked fourth among the 25 individuals who have most influenced the world of computer science.
[edit] Work
Martin is an expert in the field of systems design, Software development methodology, information engineering and computer-aided software engineering. He was one of the first to promote fourth-generation programming languages, and is the main developer of the Rapid Application Development methodology.
[edit] Information Engineering
Information Engineering (IE) is an approach to designing and developing information systems. It has a somewhat chequered history that follows two very distinct threads. It is said to have originated in Australia between 1976 and 1980, and appears first in the literature in 1981 in the Savant Institute publication Information Engineering by James Martin and Clive Finkelstein.
Information Engineering first provided data analysis and database design techniques that could be used by database administrators (DBAs) and by systems analysts to develop database designs and systems based upon an understanding of the operational processing needs of organisations for the 1980s.
The Finkelstein thread evolved after 1980 into the data processing (DP)-driven variant of IE. From 1983 till 1986 IE evolved further into the business-driven variant of IE, which was intended to address a rapidly changing business environment. The then Technical Director, Charles M. Richter, from 1983 to 1987, played a significant role by revamping the IE methodology as well as designing the IE software product (User-Data) which helped automate the IE methodology, opening the way to next generation Information Architecture.
[edit] Computer-aided software engineering
The Martin thread in Information Engineering was strategy-driven from the outset and from 1983 was focused on the possibility of automating the development process through the provision of techniques for business description that could be used to populate a data dictionary or encyclopaedia that could in turn be used as source material for code generation. The Martin methodology provided a foundation for the CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering) tool industry.
Martin himself had significant stakes in at least four CASE tool vendors—InTech (Excelerator), Higher Order Software, KnowledgeWare, originally Database Design Inc, (Information Engineering Workbench) and James Martin Associates, originally DMW and now Headstrong (the original designers of the Texas Instruments’ Information Engineering Facility and the principal developers of the methodology).
At the end of the 1980s and early 1990s the Martin thread incorporated Rapid Application Development (RAD) and Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) and soon after also entered the object oriented field.
[edit] Rapid Application Development (RAD)
Rapid application development is a term originally used to describe a software development process introduced by James Martin in 1991. Martin’s methodology involves iterative development and the construction of prototypes. More recently, the term and its acronym have come to be used in a broader, generic sense that encompasses a variety of techniques aimed at speeding application development, such as the use of web application frameworks and other types of software frameworks.
RAD approaches may entail compromises in functionality and performance in exchange for enabling faster development and facilitating application maintenance.
[edit] The James Martin 21st Century School
In 2005 Martin donated $100 million to help establish The James Martin 21st Century School at the University of Oxford. This school aims to "formulate new concepts, policies and technologies that will make the future a better place to be".[2] In 2009 Martin pledged up to an additional $50 million if it could be matched by other donors. This condition was met in April 2010.[3]
[edit] Publications
Martin has written over a hundred books[4] many of which were best sellers in the information technology industry. A selection:
- 1965. Programming real-time computer systems.
- 1967. Design of real-time computer systems.
- 1969. Telecommunications and the computer.
- 1971. Future developments in telecommunications
- 1972. Introduction to teleprocessing.
- 1972. Systems analysis for data transmission.
- 1973. Design of man-computer dialogues.
- 1973. Security, accuracy, and privacy in computer systems.
- 1978. Wired society.
- 1981. End-user's guide to data base.
- 1980. Managing the data base environment
- 1981. Information engineering.
- 1982. Viewdata and the information society.
- 1983. Software maintenance : the problem and its solutions. With Carma McClure.
- 1984. Recommended diagramming standards for analysts and programmers : a basis for automation
- 1985. Diagramming techniques for analysts and programmers. With Carma McClure.
- 1985. Fourth-generation languages.
- 1985. System design from provably correct constructs : the beginnings of true software engineering.
- 1986. Wired world : towards a greater understanding of the world information economy. With Simon Grant and the Atwater Institute.
- 1988. Structured techniques : the basis for CASE
- 1989. Strategic information planning methodologies.
- 1992. Object-oriented analysis and design.
- 2000. After the Internet: Alien Intelligence.
- 2006. The Meaning of the 21st Century.
[edit] References
- ^ About James Martin: Extended Biography from jamesmartin.com
- ^ Futurist pledges $50m in matched funding – University of Oxford. Ox.ac.uk. Retrieved on 27 August 2011.
- ^ Oxford research funding scheme scores rapid $100m success – University of Oxford. Ox.ac.uk. Retrieved on 27 August 2011.
- ^ About James Martin: Books Written from jamesmartin.com
[edit] External links
- Michael Douglas narrates Martin documentary on 21st century challenges
- James Martin Personal Website
- The James Martin 21st Century School
- Institute for Science, Innovation and Society
- Webcast about his vision for the 21st century
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