States
From Ballotpedia
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Native American tribes
18 states where citizens can initiate constitutional amendments
Arizona | Arkansas | California | Colorado | Florida | Illinois | Massachusetts
Michigan | Mississippi | Missouri | Montana | Nebraska | Nevada | North Dakota
Ohio | Oklahoma | Oregon | South Dakota
49 states with legislatively-referred constitutional amendments
Every state except for Delaware
21 states where citizens can initiate laws/statutes
Alaska | Arizona | Arkansas | California | Colorado | Idaho | Maine | Massachusetts | Michigan | Missouri | Montana | Nebraska
Nevada | North Dakota | Ohio | Oklahoma | Oregon | South Dakota | Utah | Washington | Wyoming
24 states and 1 unincorporated organized territory with legislatively-referred law/statutes
Arizona | Arkansas | California | Colorado | Delaware | Idaho | Illinois | Kentucky | Maine | Maryland | Massachusetts | Michigan | Missouri
Montana | Nebraska | Nevada | New Mexico | North Dakota | Ohio | Oklahoma | Oregon | Puerto Rico | South Dakota | Utah | Washington
25 states where citizens can overturn state statutes through veto referendum
Alaska | Arizona | Arkansas | California | Colorado | Idaho | Kentucky | Maine | Maryland
Massachusetts | Michigan | Missouri | Montana | Nebraska | Nevada | New Mexico | North Dakota | Ohio
Oklahoma | Oregon | South Dakota | Utah | Washington | Washington, D.C. | Wyoming
18 states with the right of statewide recall
Arizona | Alaska | California | Colorado | Georgia | Idaho | Kansas | Louisiana | Michigan | Minnesota
Montana | Nevada | New Jersey | North Dakota | Oregon | Rhode Island | Washington | Wisconsin
1 state with the right of statute affirmation
6 states and 1 unincorporated organized territory with the right of citizen-initiated grand jury empanelment
Kansas | Nebraska | Nevada | New Mexico | North Dakota | Oklahoma | Puerto Rico
4 unincorporated organized territories
Puerto Rico | Guam | Northern Mariana Islands | Virgin Islands of the United StatesReferences and additional information
- Forms of direct democracy in the American states
- Understanding different types of ballot measures
- States with initiative or referendum
- Three states with veto referendum only
- Initiative states compared by number of initiatives on their ballot
- Initiative states in order of first appearance of an initiative on the ballot
- Initiative frequency as a factor of time allowed to collect signatures
- Initiative frequency and success throughout the decades