Faith & Family Live!

Faith & Family Live is where everyday moms offer one another inspiration, support, and encouragement in Catholic living. Anyone grappling with the meaning of life or the cleaning of laundry is welcome here. Read the blog, check out our magazine, join our community, learn more about our mission, and come on in! READ MORE

Bloggers

Meet the Faith & Family bloggers. We invite you to join us in encouraging and helping the Faith & Family community grow in faith!

Danielle Bean

Danielle Bean
Danielle Bean, a mother of eight, is Editorial Director of Faith & Family. She is author of My Cup of Tea, Mom to Mom, Day to Day, and most recently Small Steps for Catholic Moms. Though she once struggled to separate her life and her work, the two …
Read My Posts

Rachel Balducci

Rachel Balducci
Rachel Balducci is married to Paul and they are the parents of five lively boys and one precious baby girl. She is the author of How Do You Tuck In A Superhero?, and is a newspaper columnist for the Diocese of Savannah, Georgia. For the past four years, she has …
Read My Posts

Lisa Hendey

Lisa Hendey
Lisa Hendey is the founder and editor of CatholicMom.com, a Catholic web site focusing on the Catholic faith, Catholic parenting and family life, and Catholic cultural topics. Most recently she has authored The Handbook for Catholic Moms. Lisa is also employed as webmaster for her parish web sites. …
Read My Posts

Arwen Mosher

Arwen Mosher
Arwen Mosher lives in southeastern Michigan with her husband Bryan and their young children Camilla and Blaise. She has a bachelor's degree in theology. She dreads laundry, craves sleep, loves to read novels and do logic puzzles, and can't live without tea. Her personal blog site is ABC Family. …
Read My Posts

Rebecca Teti

Rebecca Teti
Rebecca Teti is married to Dennis and has four children (3 boys, 1 girl) who -- like yours no doubt -- are pious and kind, gorgeous, and can spin flax into gold. A Washington, DC, native, she converted to Catholicism while an undergrad at the U. Dallas, where she double-majored in …
Read My Posts

Robyn Lee

Robyn Lee
Robyn Lee is the managing editor of Faith & Family magazine. She is (yikes!) an almost 30 year-old, single lady, living in Connecticut with her two cousins in a small bungalow-style kit house built by her great uncle in the 1950s. She also conveniently lives next door to her sister, brother-in-law …
Read My Posts

Hallie Lord

Hallie Lord
Hallie Lord married her dashing husband, Dan, in the fall of 2001 (the same year, coincidentally, that she joyfully converted to the Catholic faith). They now happily reside in the deep South with their two energetic boys and two very sassy girls. In her *ample* spare time, Hallie enjoys cheap wine, …
Read My Posts

Fr. John Bartunek, LC

Fr. John Bartunek, LC

Fr John Bartunek, LC, STL, received his BA in History from Stanford University in 1990, graduating Phi Beta Kappa. He comes from an evangelical Christian background and became a member of the Catholic Church in 1991. After college he worked as a high school history teacher, drama director, and …
Read My Posts

Guest Bloggers

Jeff Young

Jeff Young
Everyone is entitled to at least one good idea, right? Well, Jeff Young had his in October 2008 when he was struck dumb by the Catholic Foodie concept. It was a Reese's moment for him. Two great "tastes" that "taste" great together. Food and faith! Jeff produces the Catholic Foodie internet …
Read My Posts

Lynn Wehner

Lynn Wehner
As a wife and mother, writer and speaker, Lynn Wehner challenges others to see the blessings that flow when we struggle to say "Yes" to God’s call. Control freak extraordinaire, she is adept at informing God of her brilliant plans and then wondering why the heck they never turn out that …
Read My Posts

Get our FREE Daily Digest

Add Faith & Family to iTunes

 

Salvation Is Not a Math Problem

Further Clarifications on Indulgences

Ask a Priest vol.19

I was somewhat surprised at the conversation sparked by the Q&A regarding indulgences.

At the risk of aggravating current misunderstandings, I thought I should share a couple more thoughts.

The Days of Our Indulgences

I want to start with two clarifications. First of all, one reader referred to the older practice of linking indulgences with particular numbers of “days” in purgatory. That practice has been officially phased out, not because it was doctrinally false, but because it was so easily misunderstood. It fostered the kind of mathematical piety that some of our readers are rightly uncomfortable with. The current practice is much simplified. The popes grant indulgences for certain pious actions (praying the stations of the cross, lifting your heart to God during the day, reading the Scriptures each day…), but they no longer assign numbers of days. Rather, they are simply partial or full indulgences.

This means that they can help make reparation for our sins and those of the faithful who are now in purgatory. The Church doesn’t want us to think of salvation as a math problem that we can calculate and manipulate. And yet, the Church recognizes that our active love for God and neighbor can make a real positive impact on our souls and those of our brothers and sisters. Indulgences are simply one expression of this beautiful aspect of God’s plan for salvation.

Doctrine Options

And that brings us to the second clarification. Indulgences are not merely an expression of popular piety. Expressions of popular piety, like pilgrimages, novenas to saints, and prayer vigils, are encouraged by the Church insofar as they help some of us stay energetic in our pursuit of holiness. But they are entirely optional. 

Even the Rosary (probably the most popular of all) is entirely optional, though it has been strongly recommended by every pope since the start of the twentieth century. Even approved Marian apparitions (Fatima, Lourdes, Guadalupe…) are not an integral part of the Catholic faith. No Catholic has to believe in them or be devoted to them. They belong to what is known as private revelations. 

Whereas doctrines like the Resurrection of Christ and the Immaculate Conception are not optional. They are integral parts of Revelation, and knowingly rejecting them is a sin against faith. Indulgences are closer to this side of the spectrum; they are both a doctrine and a practice. In other words, believing in indulgences is not optional. It is taught by the teaching authority of the Church as a true doctrine, as integrally related to Revelation. So, even if some of us don’t like the doctrine and the practice, even if we don’t try to obtain them, we must accept the truth of indulgences as part of our faith.

In fact, an entire subsection of the Catechism is dedicated to explaining and praising this doctrine and practice. (I have reproduced it below, if you want to see it - #s 1471-1480).

The Heart of the Matter

Those were the easy items. Now comes the hard part. I am glad that our readers were so honest with their responses to this Q&A, because some of those responses raise an important issue. 

The Catholic Church is, precisely, Catholic, i.e. universal. Within this spiritual family we find every possible type of personality and temperament, every single level of education and formation, and all existing cultural variations. This is part of the richness of what it means to be Catholic. And this richness has practical repercussions in the realm of piety, of expressions of faith. 

Many native Mexicans, for example, make the last miles of their pilgrimage to the Shrine of Our Lady of Guadalupe on their knees, painfully shuffling over concrete and stone as a sign of their devotion. Bosnian Catholics cherish their tradition of climbing Cross Mountain barefoot, as an act of penance. Now, all of us may not feel called to these kinds of faith-expressions, but we should all respect them.

We must try to guard our hearts against the temptation to judge others by the standard of our own limited perspective, our own personal preferences. This is precisely why we are so blessed to have a clear explanation of our faith in the Catechism, and a divinely guided teaching authority in the Church. Those are the standards by which we should strive to evaluate and judge what we experience and encounter.

The Bottom Line

The bottom line is that only God can see into the depths of the human heart. Only he knows which members of the lightening-fast-Rosary-group are raving hypocrites, and which are truly and beautifully praying. 

When we are tempted to pass judgment on others, we should ask God to remind us that we are not called to judge, but to love, which can certainly involve sisterly correction and instruction, but never condemns one’s neighbor. As Jesus made so uncomfortably clear: “Stop judging, that you may not be judged. For as you judge, so will you be judged, and the measure with which you measure will be measured out to you. Why do you notice the splinter in your brother’s eye, but do not perceive the wooden beam in your own eye?  How can you say to your brother, ‘Let me remove that splinter from your eye,’ while the wooden beam is in your eye?  You hypocrite, remove the wooden beam from your eye first; then you will see clearly to remove the splinter from your brother’s eye” (Matthew 7:1-5).

X. INDULGENCES

1471 The doctrine and practice of indulgences in the Church are closely linked to the effects of the sacrament of Penance.

What is an indulgence?

“An indulgence is a remission before God of the temporal punishment due to sins whose guilt has already been forgiven, which the faithful Christian who is duly disposed gains under certain prescribed conditions through the action of the Church which, as the minister of redemption, dispenses and applies with authority the treasury of the satisfactions of Christ and the saints.“81

“An indulgence is partial or plenary according as it removes either part or all of the temporal punishment due to sin.“82 The faithful can gain indulgences for themselves or apply them to the dead.83

The punishments of sin

1472 To understand this doctrine and practice of the Church, it is necessary to understand that sin has a double consequence. Grave sin deprives us of communion with God and therefore makes us incapable of eternal life, the privation of which is called the “eternal punishment” of sin. On the other hand every sin, even venial, entails an unhealthy attachment to creatures, which must be purified either here on earth, or after death in the state called Purgatory. This purification frees one from what is called the “temporal punishment” of sin. These two punishments must not be conceived of as a kind of vengeance inflicted by God from without, but as following from the very nature of sin. A conversion which proceeds from a fervent charity can attain the complete purification of the sinner in such a way that no punishment would remain.84

The forgiveness of sin and restoration of communion with God entail the remission of the eternal punishment of sin, but temporal punishment of sin remains. While patiently bearing sufferings and trials of all kinds and, when the day comes, serenely facing death, the Christian must strive to accept this temporal punishment of sin as a grace. He should strive by works of mercy and charity, as well as by prayer and the various practices of penance, to put off completely the “old man” and to put on the “new man.“85

In the Communion of Saints

1474 The Christian who seeks to purify himself of his sin and to become holy with the help of God’s grace is not alone. “The life of each of God’s children is joined in Christ and through Christ in a wonderful way to the life of all the other Christian brethren in the supernatural unity of the Mystical Body of Christ, as in a single mystical person.“86

1475 In the communion of saints, “a perennial link of charity exists between the faithful who have already reached their heavenly home, those who are expiating their sins in purgatory and those who are still pilgrims on earth. between them there is, too, an abundant exchange of all good things.“87 In this wonderful exchange, the holiness of one profits others, well beyond the harm that the sin of one could cause others. Thus recourse to the communion of saints lets the contrite sinner be more promptly and efficaciously purified of the punishments for sin.

1476 We also call these spiritual goods of the communion of saints the Church’s treasury, which is “not the sum total of the material goods which have accumulated during the course of the centuries. On the contrary the ‘treasury of the Church’ is the infinite value, which can never be exhausted, which Christ’s merits have before God. They were offered so that the whole of mankind could be set free from sin and attain communion with the Father. In Christ, the Redeemer himself, the satisfactions and merits of his Redemption exist and find their efficacy.“88

1477 “This treasury includes as well the prayers and good works of the Blessed Virgin Mary. They are truly immense, unfathomable, and even pristine in their value before God. In the treasury, too, are the prayers and good works of all the saints, all those who have followed in the footsteps of Christ the Lord and by his grace have made their lives holy and carried out the mission in the unity of the Mystical Body.“89

Obtaining indulgence from God through the Church

1478 An indulgence is obtained through the Church who, by virtue of the power of binding and loosing granted her by Christ Jesus, intervenes in favor of individual Christians and opens for them the treasury of the merits of Christ and the saints to obtain from the Father of mercies the remission of the temporal punishments due for their sins. Thus the Church does not want simply to come to the aid of these Christians, but also to spur them to works of devotion, penance, and charity.90

1479 Since the faithful departed now being purified are also members of the same communion of saints, one way we can help them is to obtain indulgences for them, so that the temporal punishments due for their sins may be remitted.


Comments

Page 1 of 1 pages

 

Thank you for your clarification, Father.  Although I didn’t read the earlier thread on indulgences, it sounds like there must have been a lot of confusion.  One thing that you implied here but which bears saying again, is that although belief in indulgences is required, actually trying to get indulgences is optional.

 

Absolutely!  It is a confusing doctrine, and certainly one which has been abused at times, but that doesn’t mean that believe in the doctrine itself is optional.

 

As a convert, this is still quite a fuzzy area for me. My mother died last year and my aunt (her sister) is not Catholic. She was asking why we were having masses said for her. I told her it was to help her in purgatory. My aunt dug her heels in and told me that my mom was in heaven and there was no need to have masses said for her. I told her that I could not say if mom was in heaven or purgatory or even hell for that matter. Only God can judge a soul. She was still adamant that mom is in heaven. I told her that God is not on our time. The prayers we say for a person who may already be in heaven could always apply to them when they were with us. The prayers we say now, may have helped them here on earth. God’s time is not linear and we should always pray for the ones we love. She accepted that. Was I wrong?

 

Deb,
I am sorry for the loss of your mother.
You said it well: God’s time is not linear…which is why I always found it confusing that people ascribed certain time-frames (days, weeks, months, years) to indulgences.  The prayers & Masses you are having offered for your mother have great benefit for her soul, or for the souls of others in need.  You are absolutely correct…God alone knows the destiny of each soul.

 

Thank you, Fr. Bartunek.  Thanks for your time on this site and your attention to the dynamics of this world-wide forum!

 

Thank you for writing this!  I was upset by some of the comments I read - I GREATLY appreciate how you addressed the same issues I found upsetting, but you did so with charity, humility and authority.  Beautifully written, Father!

 

Thanks Father for your attempt to thoroughly and peacefully clarify many Catholic points directly pointed at the thoughts and concerns I raised. I know I am not the best internet communicator, especially at this point in my spiritual journey, but I believe for me asking questions and being honest is what God is asking of me.  Now I definately know I have room to grow in my ability to communicate.  I know I come across rough around the edges and need to be more careful about that.

From what you said, it is true that the numbers of days doctrine “was phased out not because it was false but because it was misunderstood”  That was helpful to know.  I got the impression that others felt that was not what the Church taught when in fact in had and the Church still maintains that it is not false teaching although it is not phrased that way anymore.  That did help to clear up some confusion.

“We must accept indulgences as part of our faith”  If we do not—I’m not sure what you are saying here?  I truly think all of the practices are wonderful and promote holiness and are valuable to souls. I can not agree that God leaves someone in purgatory because you didn’t complete something in the numbers of days specificied (God does not even operate on our time)  or do something in the right order.  Is this not what indulgences are saying?  You have left someone in purgatory because you missed your goal by a day (due to something God knows)  This somehow makes me less Catholic or a dissenter?  We really should not judge another’s heart—God does truly know the heart.  I think that God’s mercy is greater than the exercise in numbers indulgences create.  I am confused as to why others are upset about raising this as an issue or question.

Lastly, please let me clarify—If someone can say 100 rosaries a day with sincerity and thoughtfulness then I give them credit—God does know the heart.  It has been my experience in the Church that what is encouraged is that the higher numbers
(the more rosaries you say) the holier you are.  Others may have a different experience.  This sort of thinking is not correct.  You can say one rosary (or none) and have a deeper spiritual life than someone who says 100.  My understanding is the rosary is a meditation and if you are saying a Hail Mary so fast as a group no one can understand what you are saying then it is hard for me to understand how you are meditating on the mysteries in a meaningful way.  You are correct though—only God knows their heart and I do not attempt to make individual judgments—just an observation on what I understand to be the correct teaching of the Church.  I am not sure why this was taken as a judgment.

The last questions I asked in your previous post were sincere questions.  I didn’t check again but I don’t think they were answered.  I was asked these questions by a non-catholic friend and just acknowledged that we do not know when anyone gets out of purgatory—no matter if we completed 100 sets of indulgences for them.  We could spend a decade trying to get them out of purgatory and we still do not know if they are out.  If there is a different answer please let me know.

 

Der Beth,
I’m no theologian, but here goes…
God does not leave us in purgatory (which, by the way, is a great & merciful grace to help us prepare for the eternal glory of heaven)...rather, those who are there are so because they retain an attachment to sin & need to be purified, since the Scriptures say that nothing which is unclean can enter heaven.
God bless—

 

Beth -

I don’t think the souls in purgatory are dependent on us to “get them out”.  God determines the “when” - but our prayers can help them.  I don’t know that it is meant to be a worry to us to obtain heaven for our loved ones.  But in remembering our deceased loved ones it is not too difficult to pray that they be cleansed of any stain of sin and at the same time have the hope and faith that God has already been merciful.  I think of Catholics as the ultimate “multitaskers”.  I generally keep my prayers for those in purgatory very general allowing God to use them as He sees fit.  On specific occasions such as anniversaries of births and deaths I will try to say a quick prayer for that specific person.

I know one thing that helped me when I came back to the church was to deepen the practice of “docility” - which many associate with some kind of weakness but actually is an openness to being taught.  I recognized that I was very attached to my own ideas about things and needed to put aside “my ways” in order to be open to the Holy Spirit.
I am not trying to imply anything just sharing my experience of what helped me when I thought I was very sure of my own mind and thinking -  and then confronted with a Church teaching that I didn’t agree with.

 

Donna,

The original question indicated that we “release souls from purgatory”.  That is why I used the term get them out.  If by doing an indulgence you are releasing them then you get them out.

 

I’ve heard some people say that reciting the Rosary prayers quickly helps them get into a rhythm which makes it easier for them to meditate on the mysteries.  We really shouldn’t be so quick to judge.

 

I agree with and commendbthe article and pose a question: Does the indulgence granted 12 July 1906 by Pope Pius X when at Mass at the Consecration “To all who looking on the Real Presence said: “Dominus meus et Deus meus: My Lord and my God” still apply?

 

Father John,

As a courtesy in the future if you are going to right a reponse directly pointed at the issues I raised it would helpful to post it right here in the comments.  After giving it more thought today I felt your reponse could have been done differently.  Maybe you could respond yourself?  This is “Ask the Priest” I think it would benefit the column if you responded to comments yourself.  I felt like your post was just an indirect way for you to respond to what you perceive to be heretical and judgmental based on what you heard and took away from the comments.

Let me put together a summary of my thoughts on the topics discussed so I can understand if you heard me correctly, The Church teaches:

1) that greater holiness is not found in the greater number of rosaries you pray but rather the state of your heart and your focus on the meaning of the rosary and the meditations.  I’ve have found it difficult in group rosaries to keep my focus when I could not understand what people were saying because they needed to say it so fast in order to get however many number was their goal for the night—that is an observation not a judgment.  God truly does know their heart.  Some may need to go fast to keep their rhythm—However, the Our Father should not need to be a rhythm and it would be good to be able to hear what is said.  (I do avoid group rosaries for this reason but I don’t believe I get an indulgence for saying it by myself-that is unfortunate as the meaning is so much deeper to me alone)

2)  If you do not complete an indulgence in the order or number of days you needed there is hope—if you read the fine print you can get an OK from a priest to wave it all and still give it to you—granted this is taken seriously and the priest would only be validating what God already knows—your heart and sacrifice were truly in it but something unforeseen happened and you were not able to complete it as the rules stated.  I believe God’s mercy can operate outside of our human boundaries, the numbers and the time—this does not make me any less Catholic than you or anyone else on this board and this is within Catholic teaching

3)  You do not have to participate in any indulgence to be a Catholic and in fact many of the works and sacrifice you do in your daily live would also provide (dare I say just as equal) benefits to other souls.  For some depending on their state life they are best to stick to their daily offerings @home.  For example a husband of 5 young kids under the age of 6 upon getting indulgence book in the mail should not be out everynight getting indulgences when he has never changed a diaper and his poor wife is suffering from post-partum depression and sleep deprivation and needs his support.  We all need to use common sense in our spiritual life with what God is calling us to do.

If there is something you disagree with or think is heretical please respond and let me clarify.  Remember we are talking thru the internet and it is often hard to hear what the other is saying.  Again, I would rather see you address it here and now then next week as the title of your next volume.  Also, it would be good to hear your answer to the questions I raised at the end of the post last week—referencing the fact that we do not know when someone is out of purgatory and could be doing indulgences for them for decades without knowing when we can stop.  I guess we could always tell God if so and so is out use it for someone else—but maybe God you could let me know if so and so is out?

 

I guess my questions to you Father will not be addressed.  If you are not going to reply please don’t place your own spin on them and make them the title of your next post.  I’d appreciate that courtesy.  It sure gets you off the hook when you can post whatever you want and then not have to respond directly to anyone.

 

Beth- my email is .(JavaScript must be enabled to view this email address). If you would not mind a brief private email exchange with me, I would like to share something with you! Thanks, Jo Flemings

 

Just a couple of comments here.  Whenever I don’t understand and have a hard time accepting something the church (magisterium) teaches, I first of all have to face the fact that my brain/mind cannot comprehend everything.  Then, I question and dig around/research if it’s an important enough issue to me.
These past few years I am reminded of two scripture passages which remind me and reinforce my faith in the infalliblity of the churches teachings on matters of faith and morals.  One of them is 1Tim 3:15 “.....the church of the living God, the pillar and foundation of the truth.”  So, if I firmly believe that the Catholic Church was established by Christ, then I must believe this scripture passage.  The church cannot teach error in regards to faith and morals.  Therefore, the teaching on indulgences is the truth.  Also, I’m not sure if it’s been clarified for you, Beth, but there is no longer any number of days attached to an indulgence. 
The other scripture passage is the words of Christ to Peter….Matt. 16: 19….”...what you prohibit on earth will be prohibited in heaven, and what you permit on earth will be permitted in heaven.”  How can I not believe everything the church teaches?  If it establishes something, it cannot be in error, because it is acting/speaking on behalf of Christ.  What is bound on earth is bound in heaven.  This teaching on indulgences is not easy at first and seems completely out of character at first glance with other church teachings.  I believe, however, that this is a great mercy the church has established, though, in looking into it further. 
I’m not saying our day to day sufferings, sacrifices and pains are not doing anything, for I believe God can do anything with the smallest suffering we offer to him.  And we will never know when a loved one is freed from purgatory into heaven.  That is not for us to know, though I wish it was, sometimes!  And, to top it off, our prayers for one particular soul go to God, and he puts them towards whomever he wills.  He is merciful and therefore will distribute our prayers/sacrifices to those most in need.  Perhaps there are faithful souls in purgatory who have nobody on earth who even believes in purgatory so noone is praying for them.  Maybe God in his mercy puts our prayers towards them.  I don’t know.  I used to think it wasn’t fair.  If I’m praying for this soul, don’t give my prayers to someone else!  But, alas, God is far more merciful than I am to the point I can’t understand it sometimes.  I hope this helps, somewhat.  Also, if you google the Catholic Answers website, it should have a really good explanation in there.

 

momof3,

I’m confused by your long post about accepting church teaching—was there something in my last post that went against church teaching?  I know it is hard to convey thoughts on the computer but I thought I did pretty good of summarizing my points and nothing I said contradicted church teaching. 

“Also, I’m not sure if it’s been clarified for you, Beth, but there is no longer any number of days attached to an indulgence. ”  apparently so—but there used to be…and it was discontinued not because it was not true but misunderstood—so I am not sure why you find it an issue I bring this up.  The church used to attach a number of days to indulgences—it was part of church teaching, misunderstood and abused but part of church teaching.

 

Dear Father,
I would like to suggest that you rerer to my website and read these articles concerning the theology of Indulgences:
http://www.victorclaveau.com/htm_html/church teaching/a_history_of_indulgences.htm
http://www.victorclaveau.com/htm_html/My Articles/Jewish Indulgences.htm
http://www.victorclaveau.com/htm_html/church documents/papal documents/apostolic_constitution_the_doctr.htm


Post a Comment

By submitting this form, you give Faith And Family Magazine permission to publish this comment. Comments will be published at our discretion, and may be edited for clarity and length. For best formatting, please limit your response to one paragraph and don't hit "enter" to force line breaks.

Name:

Email:

Website:

I am commenting on the one originally posted by the author

Write your comment:

Please enter the word you see in the image below:


     

Remember my personal information.

Notify me of follow-up comments.