Acid3

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Acid3
Acid3 reference.png
The "reference rendering" for Acid3
URL acid3.acidtests.org
Commercial? no
Type of site Web standards test
Registration no
Available language(s) English language
Owner The Web Standards Project
Created by Ian Hickson
Launched 3 March 2008
Current status Online

Acid3 is a test page from the Web Standards Project that checks how well a web browser follows certain selected elements from web standards, especially relating to the Document Object Model (DOM) and JavaScript.

When successful, the Acid3 test displays a gradually increasing percentage counter with colored rectangles in the background. The percentage displayed is based on the number of subtests passed. It does not represent an actual percentage of conformance as the test does not keep track of how many of the subtests were actually started (100 is assumed). In addition to these the browser also has to render the page exactly as the reference page is rendered in the same browser. Like the text of the Acid2 test, the text of the Acid3 reference rendering is not a bitmap, in order to allow for certain differences in font rendering.

Acid3 was in development from April 2007,[1] and released on 3 March 2008.[2] The main developer was Ian Hickson, a Google employee who also wrote the Acid2 test. Acid2 focused primarily on Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), but this third Acid test also focuses on technologies used on modern, highly interactive websites characteristic of Web 2.0, such as ECMAScript and DOM Level 2. A few subtests also concern Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), Extensible Markup Language (XML), and data URIs. Controversially, it includes several elements from the CSS2 recommendation that were later removed in CSS2.1 but reintroduced in World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) CSS3 working drafts that have not made it to candidate recommendations yet.

Contents

[edit] The test

The main part of Acid3 is written in ECMAScript (JavaScript) and consists of 100 subtests in six groups called “buckets”, including four special subtests (0, 97, 98, and 99).[3]

The compliance criteria require that the test is run with a browser's default settings. The final rendering must have a 100/100 score and must be pixel-identical with the reference rendering.[6] On browsers designed for personal computers, the animation has to be smooth (taking no more than 33 ms for each subtest on reference hardware equivalent to a top-of-the-line Apple laptop) as well,[7] though slower performance on a slow device does not imply non-conformance.[8]

Acid3 rendered by Fennec 1.0 alpha 1. Buckets 2, 4, and 6 pass all 16 subtests, buckets 1 and 3 pass more than 10 subtests while bucket 5 passes more than 5 subtests.

To pass the test the browser must also display a generic favicon in the browser toolbar, not the favicon image from the Acid3 web server. The Acid3 server when asked for favicon.ico gives a 404 response code but with image data in the body. This tests that the web browser correctly handles the 404 error code when fetching the favicon, by treating this as a failure and displaying the generic icon instead.[9]

As the test is run, rectangles are added to the rendered image; the color of the rectangles is decided by the number of subtests passed in the bucket. If all subtests fail in a particular bucket, its associated rendered rectangle will be invisible. If some subtests are cleared the color will change in four steps:

[edit] Detailed results

After the Acid3 test page is completely rendered, the capital A in the word Acid3 can be clicked to see an alert (or shift-click for a new window) explaining exactly which subtests have failed and what the error message was. In case some of the 100 tests passed but took too much time, the report includes timing results for that single test. The alert reports the total time of the whole Acid3 test.

Acid3 rendered by Firefox 3.6. Test failed
Acid3 rendered by Internet Explorer 8.0. Test failed
Acid3 rendered by Internet Explorer 9.0 Platform Preview 4. Test failed.
Acid3 rendered by XFCE Midori. Score 100, but test failed
Acid3 rendered by Safari 4. Scored 100 without errors in timing and image. Test passed.

In order to render the test correctly, user agents need to implement the CSS 3 Text Shadows and the CSS 2.x Downloadable Fonts specifications, which are currently under consideration by W3C to be standardized. This is required as the test uses a custom TrueType font, called "AcidAhemTest" to cover up a 20x20 red square. Supporting Truetype fonts however is not required by the CSS specification. A browser supporting only OpenType fonts with CFF outlines or Embedded OpenType fonts could support the CSS standard but fail the test in the Acid3 test. The glyph, when rendered by the downloaded font, is just a square, made white with CSS, and thus invisible.[10]

In addition, the test also uses Base64 encoded images, some more advanced selectors, CSS 3 color values (HSLA) as well as bogus selectors and values that should be ignored.

[edit] Development and impact

 This section is in a list format that may be better presented using prose. You can help by converting this section to prose, if appropriate. Editing help is available. (June 2010)

Ian Hickson started working on the test in April 2007, but development progressed slowly. In December 2007, work restarted and the project received public attention on 10 January 2008, when it was mentioned in blogs by Anne van Kesteren.[11] At the time the project resided at a URL clearly showing its experimental nature: "http://www.hixie.ch/tests/evil/acid/003/NOT_READY_PLEASE_DO_NOT_USE.html" That did not stop the test from receiving widespread attention within the web development community. At that time only 84 subtests were done, and on 14 January Ian Hickson announced a competition to develop the missing 16.[12]

The following developers contributed to the final test through this competition:

Even before its official release, Acid3's impact on browser development was dramatic. WebKit in particular made progress; in less than a month their score rose from 60 to 87.[13]

The test was officially released on 3 March 2008.[2] A guide and commentary was expected to follow within a few months,[13] but, as of May 2009, it had not yet been released. The announcement that the test is complete means only that it is to be considered "stable enough" for actual use. A few problems and bugs were found with the test, and it was modified to fix them.[14][15] On 26 March 2008—the day both Opera and WebKit teams announced a 100/100 score—developers of WebKit contacted main Acid3 developer Ian Hickson about a critical bug in the Acid3 that presumably may have forced a violation of the SVG 1.1 standard to pass. Hickson proceeded to fix it with the help of Cameron McCormack, member of W3C's SVG Working Group.[16][17]

By the end of March 2008, early development versions of the Presto[18][19] and WebKit[17] layout engines (used by Opera and Safari respectively, among others) scored 100/100 on the test and rendered the test page correctly. At the time, no browser using the Presto or WebKit layout engines passed the performance aspect of the test. On 14 March 2009, Iris Browser 1.1.4, a WebKit-based mobile browser, became the first public release of a web browser to pass Acid3,[20][21] and on 7 June, iCab 4.6 for Mac OS X was unofficially announced as the first official release of a desktop browser to pass the test;[22][23] Safari 4, also based on WebKit, passed the next day,[24] although a development version had already passed the previous September.[25][26] By October, Epiphany, another WebKit-based browser, also passed.[27] In May and June, Google Chrome 2.0[citation needed] and Opera Mobile 9.7 beta[28] displayed a score of 100/100, but did not actually pass; release versions of these browsers passed fully later in the year.[citation needed][29] Security concerns over downloadable fonts delayed Chrome from passing.[30]

At the time of Acid3's release, Mozilla Firefox developers had been preparing for the imminent release of Firefox 3, focusing more on stability than Acid3 success. The resulting 3.0 release consequently gained a score of 71.[31] The performance of Firefox was improved in version 3.5, which scores 93/100, and version 3.6, which scores 94/100. The current trunk builds of Firefox score 97/100.

Microsoft, developers of the Internet Explorer (IE) browser, said that Acid3 does not map to the goal of Internet Explorer 8 and that IE8 would improve only some of the standards being tested by Acid3.[32] IE8 scores 20/100, which is much worse than all relevant competitors in their versions from the test's release, and has some problems with rendering the Acid3 test page. On 18 November 2009, the Internet Explorer team posted a blog entry about the early development of Internet Explorer 9 from the PDC presentation, showing that an internal build of the browser could score 32/100 for the Acid3 test.[33]

On March 16, 2010, a public Developer Preview for IE 9 scored 55/100 presented on the MIX2010.[34]

On April 2, 2010, Ian Hickson made minor changes to the test after Mozilla, due to privacy concerns, altered the way Gecko handles the :visited pseudo-class.[35][36]

On May 5, 2010, the second public Developer Preview for IE 9 scored 68/100.[37]

On June 23, 2010, the third public Developer Preview for IE 9 scored 83/100.[38]

On August 4, 2010, the fourth and final public Developer Preview for IE 9 scored 95/100.[39] General Manager of the IE team Dean Hachamovich argues that striving for a perfect 100 on the Acid3 test isn’t necessary or desirable. He claims the two Acid3 failures are on features that are "in transition".[40]

[edit] Criticism

The current iteration of the test has been criticized for being a cherry-picked collection of features that are rarely used, as well as those that are still in a W3C working draft. Eric Meyer, a notable web standards advocate, writes, "The real point here is that the Acid3 test isn't a broad-spectrum standards-support test. It's a showpiece, and something of a Potemkin village at that. Which is a shame, because what's really needed right now is exhaustive test suites for specifications– XHTML, CSS, DOM, SVG."[41]

[edit] Standards tested

The following standards are tested by Acid3:

[edit] Passing conditions

A passing score is only considered valid if the browser's default settings were used.

The following browser settings and user actions may invalidate the test:

Also user JavaScript or Greasemonkey scripts may invalidate the test.

[edit] Browsers that pass

Note that only stable, public releases are listed here (alpha and beta versions, for example, would not qualify).

[edit] Desktop browsers

Layout engine Browser Release date Latest stable release version date Rendering Performance
WebKit Google Chrome 4.0.249.78[42] 02010-01-25 January 25, 2010 5.0.375.127  (August 19, 2010; 9 days ago (2010-08-19)) Yes Yes
WebKit Safari 4.0[43] 02009-06-08 June 8, 2009 5.0.1  (July 28, 2010; 31 days ago (2010-07-28)) Yes Yes[44]
Presto Opera 10[29] 02009-09-01 September 1, 2009 10.61 (Build 3484)  (August 12, 2010; 16 days ago (2010-08-12)) Yes ?
WebKit Epiphany 2.28.0[45] 02009-10-02 October 2, 2009 2.30.3  (August 17, 2010; 11 days ago (2010-08-17)) Yes[citation needed] ?

[edit] Mobile browsers

Note: For mobile browsers it is not possible to consider the "performance" portion of the test, as mobile browsers cannot be run on the reference hardware.

Layout engine Browser Release date Latest stable release version date Rendering
WebKit Iris Browser 1.1.4[20] 02009-03-14 March 14, 2009 1.1.9  (July 6, 2009; 13 months ago (2009-07-06)) Yes
WebKit Bolt browser 1.6[46] 02009-12-07 December 7, 2009 2.11  (July 15, 2010; 44 days ago (2010-07-15)) Yes
Presto Opera Mobile 9.7[28] 02009-03-26 March 26, 2009 10.0  (March 16, 2010; 5 months ago (2010-03-16)[47]) Yes

[edit] Other browsers

Layout engine Browser Release date Latest stable release version date Rendering Performance
WebKit Google Earth 5.2.1.1329[citation needed] 02010-06-14 June 14, 2010 5.2.1.1547  (July 30, 2010) Yes ?

[edit] Browsers that do not pass

Acid3 was deliberately written in such a way that every web browser failed the test at the time of its release. Many of the browser teams are actively working to improve test results.

[edit] Desktop browsers

Desktop browser progress for the Acid3 test
Layout engine Browser Screenshot of current release Screenshot of preview release
Gecko Mozilla Firefox Fx Acid3.png
94/100
Mozilla Firefox 3.6.8		 Firefox3.7a1 acidtest.png
97/100
Mozilla Firefox 4.0b4 [48][49]
KHTML Konqueror Acid3 Konqueror 4400.png
89/100
Konqueror 4.4.5[50]		 none
Trident Internet Explorer Acid3ie8rc1.png
20/100
Internet Explorer 8.0		 Ie9preview4acid3.png
95/100
Internet Explorer 9.0 Platform Preview, August 2010, 1.9.7916.6000[51]

[edit] Mobile browsers

Ambox outdated serious.svg
 This section may need to be updated. Please update this section to reflect recent events or newly available information, and remove this template when finished. Please see the talk page for more information. (August 2010)
Mobile layout engine progress for the Acid3 test
Layout engine Major browsers Screenshot of current release Screenshot of preview release
WebKit Mobile Safari Acid3iPod3.1.1.png
100/100 but incorrect rendering
Mobile Safari 4.0		 None
Android browser Android 2.2 Browser Acid Test Result.png
93/100
Android 2.2		 None
Nokia Mini Map Browser

Acid3 S60 5th Edition.png
47/100
S60 5th Edition

 None
webOS browser Acid3-webos.png
92/100
webOS 1.4		 None
Presto Opera Mini Opera Mini 5 beta 2 Acid 3 test.png
98/100
Opera Mini 5		 None
Gecko Firefox for mobile Firefox for mobile Acid3.png
94/100
Firefox for Maemo 1.0		 None
MicroB 94/100 None
Skyfire Acid3 skyfire.png
52/100
Skyfire 1.5		 None
BlackBerry BlackBerry Browser Blackberry Storm2 9550 OS 5.0.0.713 Acid 3 08-04-2010.jpg
93/100
OS 5.0.0.713		 None
Windows CE Internet Explorer Mobile IEM6 Acid3.png
5/100
Internet Explorer Mobile 6[52]		 IEM7 Acid3.png
12/100
Internet Explorer Mobile 7
Zune HD Web browser Zune4.5-Acid3.jpg
5/100
Zune 4.5		 None

[edit] Console browsers

Acid3 compliance in game console web browsers
Layout engine Major browsers Screenshot of current release Screenshot of preview release
NetFront PlayStation 3 browser ImagePlaystation Acid3.png
27/100
PS3 Firmware 3.10		 None
PSP Browser Acid3n35.png
11/100
NetFront 3.5		 None
Presto Nintendo Wii Internet Channel Wii-acid3-2010-04-27.png
40/100
September 1, 2009 update
Browser crashes after/during test		 None
Nintendo DSi Browser
59/100
 None

[edit] Other browsers

Acid3 compliance in other web browsers
Layout engine Major browsers Screenshot of current release Screenshot of preview release
Mozilla GRE
LLMozLib 2.01.29447
/ Webkit[citation needed]		 Second Life browser Acid3 SL2.0.1.png
100/100
Second Life 2.0		 None
Webkit Steam in-game browser SteamAcid3.jpg
100/100
Steam 2010 UI Update		 None

[edit] See also

Portal-puzzle.svg Software Testing portal


[edit] References

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  3. ^ Hickson, Ian (2008-03-03). "Comments in the source code of the test page". Web Standards Project. http://acid3.acidtests.org/. Retrieved 2008-02-16. 
  4. ^ Lie, Håkon Wium; Tantek Çelik, Daniel Glazman, Anne van Kesteren (15 September 2009). "Media Queries". World Wide Web Consortium. http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-mediaqueries/. Retrieved 9 February 2010. 
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  18. ^ Tim Altman (March 2008). "Opera and the Acid3 Test". Opera Software. http://my.opera.com/desktopteam/blog/2008/03/26/opera-and-the-acid3-test. Retrieved 2008-03-28. 
  19. ^ Lars Erik Bolstad (March 2008). "Public Acid3 build". Opera Software. http://labs.opera.com/news/2008/03/28/. Retrieved 2008-03-28. "The latest post-9.5 build scores 99/100 and fails the smoothness criterion." 
  20. ^ a b Torchmobile.com[dead link]
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  28. ^ a b Lund Engebø, Helene (26. March 2009). "Opera Mobile 9.7 with Opera Turbo". Opera Software ASA. http://my.opera.com/operamobile/blog/2009/03/26/opera-mobile-9-7-beta-for-windows-mobile. Retrieved 2009-07-06. 
  29. ^ a b Opera Software (2009-09-01). "Turbocharge your Web experience with Opera 10". Press release. http://www.opera.com/press/releases/2009/09/01/. Retrieved 2009-09-04. 
  30. ^ "Issue 231: Acid test 3 fails on chrome". Google. July 8, 2009. http://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=231#c116. Retrieved 9 February 2010. 
  31. ^ Mike Shaver (2008-03-27). "The missed opportunity of acid 3". http://shaver.off.net/diary/2008/03/27/the-missed-opportunity-of-acid-3/. Retrieved 2008-03-30. 
  32. ^ Chris Wilson (March 20, 2008). "Windows Internet Explorer 8 Expert Zone Chat (20 March 2008)". Microsoft. http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/expertzone/chats/transcripts/08_0320_ez_ie8.mspx. Retrieved 2008-04-15. "The ACID3 test is a collection of interesting tests, spread across a large set of standards. Some of those standards will see improvements in IE8 - in fact, IE8 already improves on IE7's score - but we are focused on the most important features and standards to make web developers' lives easier. The Acid3 test does not map directly to that goal." 
  33. ^ "An Early Look At IE9 for Developers". Microsoft. November 18, 2009. http://blogs.msdn.com/ie/archive/2009/11/18/an-early-look-at-ie9-for-developers.aspx. Retrieved 9 February 2010. 
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  35. ^ Baron, David (2010-03-09), Preventing attacks on a user's history through CSS :visited selectors, Mozilla, http://dbaron.org/mozilla/visited-privacy, retrieved 2010-04-08 
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  40. ^ http://www.zdnet.com/blog/bott/microsoft-releases-final-ie9-preview-beta-due-in-september/2296
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  42. ^ Laforge, Anthony (2010-01-25). "Stable Channel Update". Google. http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.com/2010/01/stable-channel-update_25.html. Retrieved 2010-01-25. 
  43. ^ "Safari - 150 features". Apple Inc.. http://www.apple.com/safari/features.html. Retrieved 2009-09-03. 
  44. ^ Stachowiak, Maciej (2008-09-25). "Full Pass of Acid3". WebKit.org. http://webkit.org/blog/280/full-pass-of-acid-3. Retrieved 2009-12-07. 
  45. ^ Paul, Ryan (2009-09-24). "Linux garden gets a new GNOME with version 2.28". Ars Technica. http://arstechnica.com/open-source/news/2009/09/linux-garden-gets-a-new-gnome-with-version-228.ars. Retrieved 2010-01-04. 
  46. ^ James, Scott (2009-12-07). "Bolt Browser gets Updated to Version 1.6 – Brings New Features!". BlackBerrySync. http://blackberrysync.com/2009/12/bolt-browser-gets-updated-to-version-1-6-brings-new-features/. Retrieved 2010-02-09. 
  47. ^ "No mobile phone left behind: Opera Mini 5 and Opera Mobile 10 introduced in final, consumer-ready versions". http://www.opera.com/press/releases/2010/03/16/. 
  48. ^ Sharp, Gavin (2008-01-02). "Bug 410460 (acid3) – Acid3 tracking bug". Mozilla. https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=410460. Retrieved 2010-02-09. 
  49. ^ "Public Mozilla Acid3 spreadsheet". http://spreadsheets.google.com/pub?key=pNgBCwWdyRTT2JeiZn4B2Yw. Retrieved 2008-10-18. 
  50. ^ 2008-01-30, Alex. "Bug 156947: Konqueror 4 fails Acid3 test (filed on 30 January 2008)". KDE. http://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=156947. Retrieved 2008-03-02. 
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  52. ^ Graham, Flora (16 November 2009). "Alternative mobile browsers tested: Skyfire vs Opera Mobile vs Fennec vs Safari vs Internet Explorer vs BlackBerry". CNet.co.uk. http://crave.cnet.co.uk/mobiles/0,39029453,49304091-6,00.htm. Retrieved 9 February 2010. 

[edit] External links

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