Elektronika

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For the Polish journal, see Elektronika (journal).

Elektronika (Russian: Электроника) is the brand name used for many different electronic products such as calculators, electronic watches, portable games and radios in the Soviet Union and, nowadays, in Russia. Many Elektronika designs were the result of dedicated reverse engineering efforts by Soviet engineers, who were working for the Soviet military-industrial complex but were challenged with producing consumer goods which were in great shortage in the Soviet Union.

Now this brand is used by Novosibirsk RPN programmable calculators Electronika MK-152 (ru:Электроника МК-152) and Electronika MK-161 (ru:Электроника МК-161).

[edit] Calculators

Electronika MK-71

Most notable is a line of calculators, which started production in 1968. The Elektronika calculators were produced in a variety of sizes and function sets, ranging from large, bulky four-function calculators to smaller models designed for use in schools operating on a special, safer 42V standard (like the MK-SCH-2). As time progressed, Elektronika calculators were produced that supported more advanced calculations, with some of the most recent models even offering full programmability and functionality similar to today's American-designed graphing calculators.

These designs were based directly on Japanese or American calculators, and often many of the bugs from the original calculator would be found in the Elektronika version as well. Sometimes, significant errors were introduced during the design process, resulting in strange behavior during certain calculations. Elektronika calculators nevertheless had distinctive designs, legible displays, and were commonly available throughout the Soviet Union. Today, these relics can often be found on online auction sites directly from dealers in Ukraine that are willing to export them worldwide as souvenirs.

[edit] Computers

UKNC MS 0511 personal computer

The following Electronika computers used Soviet Intel-compatible CPU:

MS 1502 — XT clone
KR-series (01/02/03/04) — mass production of popular Russian 8-bit homebrew RK-86 (ru:Радио 86РК)

The following Electronika computers used Soviet CPU, compatible with PDP-11:

Electronika 60
UKNC
DVK — clone of SM EVM, stripped for mass production to satisfy general scientific and R&D needs
BK-0010 and BK-0011M — stripped and low-cost version of DVK, targeted at teenagers and home users

[edit] Electronic toys

Model names for Elektronika-branded Nintendo Game & Watch clones start with IM (ИМ — Игра Микропроцессорная, Russian acronym for "microprocessor game").

Versions of games Elektronika IM
Mickey mouse	Just you wait!	Mysteries of the ocean	Merry cook
Space bridge	Hockey	Explorers of space	Fowling
Biathlon	Circus	Merry footballers	Car slalom
Fisher Tom-cat	Frog boaster	Space flight	Amusing arithmetic
Asteroids attack	Battleship	Night thieves	Forest district
Fishing