His appointment as the Third Secretary at Ministry of Foreign Affairs in August 1964 was the initiation of his political career. In October of the same year, he was transferred from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the Permanent Mission of Kuwait to the United Nations in New York, USA; and then to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in June 1965. In December 1965, his career saw two rapid changes:

First as the Minister Extraordinary Plenipotentiary at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and then as the Permanent Representative of the State of Kuwait to the European Office of the United Nations at Geneva, Switzerland. He inaugurated the first office of the Kuwait Permanent Mission in Geneva in 1966 and also became the First Consul General of Kuwait to the Swiss Confederation in Geneva in the same year.

In October 1968, HH Sheikh Nasser became the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to Iran and in 1971 was appointed by an Amiri Decree as a Non-Resident Ambassador. Between 1975-1979, he served as the Dean of the Diplomatic Corps in Iran — the youngest ever to hold this position in the world.

In May 1979, he was recalled to Kuwait to serve in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; and between 1979- 1985 as the Under Secretary the Ministry of Information and then between 1985-1988 as the Minister for Information. He served the Minister for Soctr Affairs and Labour between 1988-990, and as Minister State for Foreign Affairs in1990-91. On November 16, 2005, he was appointed by an Amiri Decree as the Minister for Al-Diwan Al- Amiri Affairs (Royal Court), a post he held prior to being appointed the Prime Minister.

HH Sheikh Nasser has served his country with distinction and has been decorated on several occasions.He received the First Persian Imperial Order Decoration from the Shah of Iran; a Decoration from the Mayor of Paris Jacques Chirac; the First Degree National Decoration of the Republic Argentina from His Excellency the Argentinean President Carlos Menem; the Highest Decoration Ordre du Grand Officier de l'Ordre National Du Lion, of the Republic of Senegal, from His Excellency the Senegalese President Abdou Diof; a Certificate of Excellence from the Organisation of the Islamic Conference as well as The Greater Order of Finland from the President of Finland His Excellency Marti Ahtisaari.

Apart from this, his was the first Kuwaiti voice be heard from Kuwait Radio during the Iraqi aggression, saying “This Is Kuwait”. He was the Representative of HH the Amir in the celebration of the Enthronement of the Emperor of Japan.